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[German version] (Χολαργός; Cholargós). Attic asty deme ( Asty) of the Acamantis phyle; four (six) bouleutai. Its exact location is uncertain, presumably to the west or north-west of Athens, towards Phyle (Men. Dys. 33), the presumed location of the estate of Pericles, who hailed from C. (Thuc. 2,13; Plut. Pericles 3). Epitaphs for inhabitants of C. originate from Chaïdari (IG II2 7768). C. is one of those six or seven demes where the holding of  Thesmophoria…

[German version] (Κολλυτός, also Κολυττός; Kollytōs, Kollyttós). Attic asty deme belonging to the Aegeis phyle in the centre of Athens south of the  Areopagus and west and south of the Acropolis, the dense urban development of which apparently blended into Melite (Eratosth. in Str. 1,4,7; [1. 169; 2. 16; 3. 55; 4. 276; 6. 27f.]); provided three (four) bouleutaí. The main street, the ‘narrow’ (στενωπός) C., was used as a marketplace (Phot. 375B; [1. 180]). Reference on the decree on demes IG II2 1195 l. 6ff., see [6. 128, 140, 187, 382]. There is evidence of rural (!)  Dionysia in C. with theatrical performances (Aeschin. In Tim. 157; Dem. Or. 18,180; 262 [6. 152, 213, 216, 220, 222]). C. was probably also the site of the sanctuary of Codrus, Neleus and Basile (IG I3 84 [5]). An eponymous hero C. is mentioned by Steph. Byz. s.v. Διόμεια.  Athens Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 W. Judeich, Die Top. von Athen, 21931 2 D. M. Lewis,…

[German version] (Ἀγκυλή; Ankylḗ). Attic   asty deme (Upper and Lower A.) of the phyle  Aigeis, later of  Antigonis with two (1/1) bouleutai, located in the east or south-east of Athens (Alci. 3,43: ‘Proasteion’). A. bordered on  Agryle either in the north [1. 170] or south (IG II2 2776 Z. 57-59 [2. 70]). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 W. Judeich, Top. von Athen, 21931 2 S. G. Miller, A Roman Monument in the Athenian Agora, in: Hesperia 41, 1972,50-95. Traill, Attica, 7, 29, 39, 68, 69, 109 f. (no. 14, 15), 126 f. table 3, 11 Id., Demos and Trittys, 1986, 127.

[German version] (Γαργηττός; Gargēttós). Attic Mesogea deme in the Aegeis phyle, after 307/6 BC in the Antigonis. It provided four (already in IG I3 1040), later seven   bouleutaí . Name pre-Greek [1. 1336]. A decree on the demes of Hagios Giorgios near Ieraka locates it in the marching order between Hymettus and Pentelicum east of Pallene and attests a Dionysus sanctuary as the mustering ground [2. 41; 3. 127]. G. was with Acharnae, Paeania and Pallene a member of the cultic federation of Athena Pallenis (Ath. 234f-235c; [4. 18546]), the hero G. was considered the father of…

[German version] (Κονθύλη; Konthýlē). Attic mesogeia deme of the phyle Pandionis, from 224/3 BC of Ptolemaïs; one   bouleutḗs ; the location is uncertain (Mazareïka? [2; 3. 43]). According to [1. 601…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Attica (Πάνακτον, Πάνακτος; Pánakton, Pánaktos). Attic border fortress on the southern edge of the Plain of Scurta near modern Prasino (once Kavasala) [2; 3; 4; 5. 224f.; 6], sometimes incorrectly identified with the Gyphtokastro (Eleutherai) in the Kaza Pass. Built before the  Peloponnesian War, in 422 BC P. fell to the Boeotians through treachery (Thuc. 5,3,5), who, in violation of a treaty, demolished it before returning it (Thuc. 5,18,7; 39,2f.;…

[German version] (Κύθηρος; Kýthēros). Attic paralia(?) deme of the Pandionis phyle, from 307/6 to 201 BC of the Antigonis; supplied two bouleutaí. According to Str. 9,1,20, one of the locations belonging to the Attic dodecapolis. Its localisation near Poussi Kalojerou by Traill [3] is methodologically unsustainable; Dem. Or. 42 suggests a site near a city, in a wooded area. In IG II2 2496 three houses belonging to the deme of C. in Piraeus are leased by otherwise unattested Meritai [4. 383 no. 72]. A cult association between Trikomoi, Erchia and C. can scarcely be deduced from IG II2 1213 (differently [1; 4. 18546]). In Or. 42, Demosthenes negotiates an antidosis trial concerning a large estate in C. [2].  Phaenippus of Cytherus Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 P. J. Bicknell, Clisthène et Kytherros, in: REG 89, 1976, 599-603 2 G. E. M. De Ste. Croix, The Estate of Phainippos (Ps.-Dem., XLII), in: Ancient Society and Institutions. Studies Presented to V. Ehrenberg, 1966, 109-114 3 J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 47ff., 130 4 Whitehead, Index s.v. Kytheros Traill, Attica, 8, 17, 43, 68, 111 no. 81, tables 3, 11.

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Theatre | Ionic | Oracles | Attica | Athenian League (Second) | Education / Culture | Boeotia, Boeotians (Ὀρωπός/ Orōpós). Coastal town in northwest Attica opposite Eretria, present-day Skala Oropou (for classical remains [1; 5; 6. 304 fig. 378, 379]) and suburb of Oropia, which was a disputed territory between Athens and Boeotia. The principal shrine of Amphiaraus, and site of his oracle, is situated 6 km to the southeast in a narrow wooded valley. Excavations s…

[German version] (Ἀναία; Anaía). Coastal town in Ionia to the north of the Mycale mountains at and near the Byzantine fortress (12th/13th century AD; [3. 65-74]), now called Kadıkale, where [2] found pottery from the 10th-3rd cent. BC. When the Athenians conquered Samos in 365 BC, A., as part of the peraia of Samos [3], was used by the Samians as a place of refuge [1. 44 f.].…

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[German version] (Δαιδαλίδαι; Daidalídai). Attic asty deme of the Cecropis phyle, from 307/6 to 201/0 BC of the Demetrias phyle, from AD 126/7 of the Hadrianis. One   bouleutes . With the Daedalion, mentioned only in the poletai…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Attica (Θημακός; Thēmakós). Attic mesogeia (?) deme, Erechtheis phyle, from 224/3 BC Ptolemaïs, one bouleutḗs; location unknown. IG II2 1212 (finding site: in vico Kara, modern Ilioupoli) is probably not a decree from T., cf. [1]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Whitehead, 392 No. 135. Traill, Attica 15,…

[German version] (Κέρατα; Kérata). Peaks, named after their peculiar shape (‘horns’) (modern Trikeraton; Trikeri, 470 m), in the mountains on the border between Attica and Megaris east of Eleusis (Diod. Sic. 11,65,1; Plut. Themistocles 13,1; Str. 9,1,11). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography F. Bölte, s.v. K., RE 11, 265f. Philippson/Kirsten, vol. 1, 760; 973.

[German version] (Σαμικόν; Samikón). The biggest fort of Triphylia (western Peloponnese) on the western foothills of Mount Kaiapha, between the modern Agoulinitsa lagoon in the north and lake Kaiapha in the south. This is the location of a cave of the Anigriades [4], spring nymphs of the former river Anigrus ( cf. [2]) with sulphur springs (Str. 8,3,19; Paus. 5,5,11; Schol. Hom. Il. 11,721). Sources: Paus. 5,6,1-3; Pol. 4,77,9; 80,12; Str. 8,3,13; 19 f.; 27. The form Sámos is only attested in Str. 8,3,20 and Schol. Hom. Il. 13,13. S. was probably built by the Eleans in the 4th cent. BC. In 219/8, the fort was captured by Philip…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Attica (Θοραί; Thoraí). Attic paralia deme, phyle Antiochis, 307/6 - 200 BC Demetrias, four bouleutaí. According to Str. 9,1,21 on the Attic southwest coast between Aegilia (modern Finikia?) and Lamptrae, probably therefore between Lagonisi and Agios Dimi…

[German version] (Διακρία; Diakría), also Hyperacria and Epacria. Term for the mountainous northeast of Attica [2], probably also the Attic east coast as far as Brauron, the ancestral home of the  Peisistratids (Pl. Hipparch. 228b; Plut. Solon 10,3; [4. 224]). Supported by a group of Hyperakrioi (Hdt. 1,59) or Diakrioi (Aristot. Ath. Pol. 13,4; [1; 2; 3. 184-188]), Peisistratus [4] established his tyrannis in Athens in 561 BC. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 K. H. Kinzl, Regionalism in Classical Athens?, in: Ancient History Bull. 3, 1989, 5-9 2 R. J. Hopper, 'Plain', 'S…

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[German version] (Μυρρινοῦς/ Murrhinoûs). Attic paralia deme of the phyle of Pandionis, six (eight) bouleutaí, near modern Merenda. Significant archaeological finds [1; 2; 4]; an incomplete ancient fortification on the Merenda [3]. Two decrees on demes from Myrrhinus (IG II2 1182, 1183) are significant for research on the internal organization of dḗmoi. Apart from a theatre (IG II…

[German version] (Συβρίδαι; Sybrídai). Attic Paralia(?) deme of the Erechtheis phyle, before 307/6 BC with one bouleutḗs in alternation with Pambotadae, near which S. may have been. There is speculation on a connexion with the River Syverus (Siberus) in Plin. HN 37,114. The sculptor Cephisodotus [5] was from S. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography E. Meyer, s.v. S., RE Suppl. 10, 925-927  Traill, Attica, 6, 14, 59, 62, 69, 112 No. 131, Table. 1  J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 126.