Author(s):
Lafond, Yves (Bochum)
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Olshausen, Eckart (Stuttgart)
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Niehoff, Johannes (Freiburg)
(Ναυπλία/
Nauplía, Byzantine τὸ Ναύπλιον/
tò Naúplion or τὸ Ἀνάπλι/
tò Anápli, present-day Nafplio). [German version] I. Position Port on a rocky peninsula near the Kolpos Argolikos (Str. 8,2,2; Scyl. 49; 6,11; Ptol. 3,16,11) on the northern slope of the town’s mountain, Akronafplia (formerly Iç Kale, 85m high). Greater parts of the Hellenistic acropolis wall lie under the later Byzantine- Venetian- Turkish fort. It lies to the north-west of the Palamidi (215 m high) which is surmounted by a fortress built by the Venetians in 1711-1714. Lafond, Yves (Bochum) Olshausen, Eckart (Stuttgart) [German version] II. Development into Late Antiquity Traces of settlements still exist from the Neolithic period onwards. In the Mycenaean period, N. was the sea port for Argos [II 1] (chamber graves in the rocks on the north-east slope of Palamidi); it may well be mentioned in the Egyptian list of places from the time of Amenophis III. (1390-1352 BC). In the Archaic period, N. was a member of the
amphiktyonía of Calauria (Str. 8,6,14); it was conquered again by Argos around 600 BC and after that was referred to only as port of Argos (cf. Strab. 8,6,2); the exiled inhabitants settled in Methone [1] in Messenia (Theopomp. FGrH 115 F 383; Paus. 4,24,4; 27,8; 35,2). In the 2nd cent. AD, N. was deserted (Paus. 2,38,2). Apart from …