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[German Version] I. Religious Studies – II. Old Testament – III. Early Judaism – IV. New Testament – V. Dogmatics – VI. Philosophy of Religion I. Religious Studies The use of father as a designation of God is almost universal. It is especially frequent in certain contexts: 1. In many cultures, deification of ancestors begins as their death recedes into the past (in Hinduism after three generations). Forefathers gradually lose their individuality and become gods or merge with familiar deities. Thus the original ancestor is often identif…

[German Version] I. Bible – II. Liturgy I. Bible In the Old Testament, amen expresses a self-committing “yes” (1 Kgs 1:36; Jer 11:5). It occurs most frequently in Deut 27 and the Psalter. The people affirm the curse (Deut 27:15, etc.) with amen; thus, they express solidarity with the divine judge and commit themselves to obedience. In Ps 41:14, etc., amen has the literary function of “scroll-concluding doxology” (Seybold, 114), but is also an enthusiastic participation in the praise of God (cf. 1 Ch…

[German Version] (Albert-Marie-Henri; Mar 7, 1855, Bourg-en-Bresse – Mar 10, 1938, Saint-Maximin), OP, exegete. Lagrange worked in Jerusalem as a scholar and teacher from 1890 to 1935. There he founded the École pratique d'études bibliques (1890), the Revue biblique (1892), and the series Études bib-¶ liques (1903). His scholarly oeuvre is impressive, amounting to some 16,000 pages, mostly published in the Études bibliques: commentaries (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Romans, Galatians), introductory studies on the New Testament (canon, textua…