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Purification

(2,436 words)

Author(s): Stausberg, Michael | Cancik, Hubert | Seidl, Theodor | Kollmann, Bernd | Schneider-Ludorff, Gury | Et al.
[German Version] I. Religious Studies As with many animals, purification is a basic area of human behavior. Mutual purifying implies and generates expectations, trust, solidarity, and hierarchy. Religious actions (e.g. the purifying of statues and pictures of gods) go back to identical structures. Purifying is a fundamental element of ritual actions. Ritual objects, but also the actors themselves, are purified. This process is often self-referential: purification happens not with regard to something unclean, but for the ritual. Purifica…

Pure and Impure

(4,031 words)

Author(s): Stausberg, Michael | Seidl, Theodor | Kollmann, Bernd | Schneider-Ludorff, Gury | Wandrey, Irina | Et al.
[German Version] I. Comparative Religion In differentiated religious systems or cultures, the categories of clean and unclean, or purity and impurity, represent a key classificatory-communicative distinction which determines the course of inner boundaries (e.g. those between clergy and laity or women and men) and outer boundaries (e.g. between believers and “pagans,” in-group/out-group). It enjoys particular plausibility in the context of dualistic models such as Zoroastrianism, for example (Zarathu…

Narrative

(2,178 words)

Author(s): Schott, Rüdiger | Seidl, Theodor | Pöttner, Martin | Helmer, Christine | Wegenast, Klaus
[German Version] I. Religious Studies – II. Bible – III. Fundamental Theology and Philosophy of Religion – IV. Literary History – V. Practical Theology I. Religious Studies Orally transmitted narratives are often the most important sources for the religious views of preliterate peoples. Frequently narratives also provide an aetiological basis for certain cultic actions (Aetiology). Narratives with religious content say important things about the creation of the world and primeval times, the creation and nature of hum…

Meals, Cultic

(659 words)

Author(s): Seidl, Theodor
[German Version] The expression “cultic meals” denotes solemn eating and drinking (Eating/Drinking), as opposed to everyday satisfaction of the appetite. In cultic meals, table fellowship establishes a link with the divinity ( convivium) or participation in it ( communio, theophagy), and thereby a share in the divine life force. Cultic meals take place at fixed times and in special places, according to fixed rules (Rite and ritual), supported by a cultic community. Cultic meals are often connected with sacrifices that offer food to the divinity. In the Old Testament, the prevail…

Exegesis

(13,995 words)

Author(s): Pezzoli-Olgiati, Daria | Cancik, Hubert | Seidl, Theodor | Schnelle, Udo | Bienert, Wolfgang A. | Et al.
[German Version] (Biblical Scholarship, Hermeneutics, Interpretation) I. Religious Studies – II. History of Religions – III. Greco Roman Antiquity – IV. Bible – V. Church History – VI. Practical Theology – VII. Biblical Scenes in Art – VIII. Judaism – IX. Islam I. Religious Studies Exegesis (for etymology see III below) is the explanation, interpretation, or analysis of sacred or otherwise religiously central documents by experts; it enables and encourages the access of a …