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[German version] [1] From Syracuse, poet, member of Symmachus' circle of friends, 4th cent. AD A poet with a knowledge of Greek and Latin literature, author and Roman senator from Syracuse, who (from about 310 AD until after 400), with Ausonius, was a member of the rhetor  Q. Aurelius Symmachus' circle of friends. Like them, N. believed that for the continuation of traditional culture it was sufficient to continue the tradition of the classical heritage. He avoided any confrontation with  Christianity. In his …

[German version] L. C. Gallus Vecilius Crispinus Mansuanius Marcellinus Numisius Sabinus. Senator whose career is known from an inscription from Antioch [5] in Pisidia (CIL III 6813 = ILS 1038). Quaestor in the province of Pontus-Bithynia, people's tribune, praetor, curator viarum Clodiae, Cassiae, Ciminiae, Traianae novae, praef. frumenti dandi, legatus legionum I Italicae et II Traianae, proconsul Sardiniae ( c. AD 111), praetorian imperial legate of Galatia, Pisidia c. AD 113-115; suffect consul probably in 116 [1. 9-35] or even not until 117, VIIvir epulonum; first known…

Roman family name (Etruscan Latini), a derivation from the ethnicon Latinus. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] L., T. According to the legend, Jupiter told L. during the Latin War to instruct the consuls to have the Ludi Romani repeated According to Livy (2,36,2-8), who sets the legend that was originally probably not fixed in time in 491 BC, Jupiter told L. in a dream during the Latin War that he should instruct the consuls to have the ludi Romani ( ludi ) repeated; L. finally obeyed these instructions after initially ignoring them twice and…

[German version] [1] Vipsania, married to Tiberius from 16-12 BC Vipsania, daughter of M. Vipsanius Agrippa with Caecilia Attica (Nep. Att. 19,4). Born c. 33 BC, married to Tiberius from 16-12 (Suet. Tib. 7,2 f.), whom she bore Drusus Caesar in 15 (Drusus the Younger). Married C. Asinius Gallus after her divorce from Tiberius (Tac. Ann. 1,12; stemma RE 9 A 1232). Died in AD 20 (Tac. Ann. 3,19,3). Kienast, Dietmar (Neu-Esting) Bibliography Raepsat-Charlier 1, no. 811. [German version] [2] Vipsania (A. maior), wife of Germanicus Vipsania (A. maior), daughter of M. Vipsanius Agrip…

[German version] [1] Proconsul of the province of Lycia-Pamphylia in the 2nd cent. AD Proconsul of the province of Lycia-Pamphylia, no earlier than under Marcus [2] Aurelius and Lucius Verus. Identification is not possible. PIR2 P 1064. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] Friend of the poet Martialis [1] from Umbria P., for whom also the praenomen Aulus is transmitted. A friend of the poet Martialis [1], he was from Umbria and rose to primipilus. On the possibilities for identification cf. PIR2 P 1069. In an inscription from Sarsina [1. 264], however, [Au]lus can hardly be res…

Oscan praenomen ( Egnatius [I 3]). Attested as a Roman nomen gentile from the 2nd cent. BC. The most important holder is the seven-time consul M. [I 1]; the prominent Imperial-period Spanish bearer of the name, M. [II 3], is probably a descendant of family members of that Marius. I. Republican Period [German version] [I 1] M., C. Seven-time consul, victor over Jugurtha and over the Cimbri and Teutoni, opponent of Sulla The seven-time consul; victor over Jugurtha and over the Cimbri and Teutoni. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] A. The rise to political prominence Born c. 157 BC…

[German version] Cn. Marcius R. Rufinus. Equestrian who began his career as the centurio of a legion, then became primus pilus of the legio III Gallica in Syria, tribune among the vigiles, the cohortes urbanae and the praetorians in Rome; primus pilus for the second time with the legio III Cyrenaica in Arabia. He then transferred into a procuratorial career: procurator of Syria (Coele?), praefect of the two Italic fleets, praepositus annonae probably during the Parthian War in AD 198; finally praefect of the vigiles in 205-207 with the title of eminentissimus vir. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bib…

Name of a Roman plebeian family (Schulze 169). I. Republican time [German version] [I 1] F., C. Roman envoy 438 BC in Fidenae Roman envoy, killed by the Fidenates in 438 BC (statue on the Rostra, Cic. Phil. 9,5; Liv. 4,17,2). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) II. Imperial period [German version] [II 1] C.F. Fabius Maximus Optatus Senator from Cartennae, end of 2nd/ beginning of 3rd cent. AD Senator, probably from Cartennae, who certainly attained the praetorship and had a legatio in Baetica, probably at the end of the 2nd/beginning of the 3rd cents. AD. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography Le Gl…

[German version] L. Marcia Hostilia Crispina Moecia Cornelia. Daughter of Laberius [II 3] Maximus, cos. II AD 103, and second wife of C. Bruttius [II 4] Praesens, cos. II in 139. L. accompanied her husband to Africa during his time as proconsul there (CIL VIII 110); her estates were near Amiternum and Trebula Mutuesca (Raepsaet-Charlier, no. 478). PIR2 L 15. Eck, Werner (Cologne)

[German version] Wife of Tettius Africanus, praefectus Aegypti in the year AD 82; probably the sister or the daughter of Funisulanus Vettonianus. PIR2 F 571. Eck, Werner (Cologne)

[German version] [1] Consul ord. in AD 209 Cos. ord. in AD 209. Identical with L. Aurellius Commodus P. (AE 1978, 733 = 1979, 560; RMD 1, 73; SEG 32, 1149). PIR2 P 568. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] Consul suff. in an unknown year Cos. suff. on 13 May of an unknown year (CIL XVI 127); it is possible that there is a connection with the P. who is mentioned in CIL VI 40646 as consul in about AD 212. PIR2 P 567; 569. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [3] Clodius P. (PIR2 P 570) see Clodius [II 12] Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [4] C. Gabinius Barbarus P. (PIR2 P 566) see Gabinius […

[German version] [1] Daughter of the emperor Vitellius [II 2], 1st cent. AD Daughter of the emperor Vitellius [II 2] who married her to Valerius [II 2] Asiaticus, governor of the province of Belgica in the year AD 69 (Tac. Hist. 1,59,2). After the death of her father, she was spared  by Vespasian and married to a person of high social status. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography Raepsaet-Charlier 640, no. 817. [German version] [2] Township in Latium Township in Latium, assumed to be at modern Civitella, first literary mention in connection with the events around Coriola…

[German version] [1] Vestalin (1st half 1st cent. BC) Vestal in 69 BC at the latest. (Macrob. Sat. 3.13.11). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] A. Arria Camilla (2nd half 1st cent. AD) Probably the daughter of L. Arruntius [II 8] Camillus Scribonianus; must have lived into the Trajanic era (Raepsaet-Charlier, no. 103; PIR2 A 1152). Eck, Werner (Cologne)

[German version] M.I.M. f. Volt(inia tribu) Bassus Fabius Valerianus. Senator, who originated from Alba Helviorum in Narbonensis. In AD 156-159 he was in charge of Pannonia inferior as praetorian governor (AE 1976, 542; RMD II 102; 103). Cos. suff. shortly thereafter; curator operum publicorum in 161; consular governor of Moesia inferior; then comes Augustorum during the Parthian War. At the end of his career he was consular governor of Pannonia superior, where he made peace with invading Germanic tribes (Cass. Dio 71,3,1; PIR2 J 4). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography Kolb, Bauver…

[German version] L.C. Rufus. Proconsul of Bithynia et Pontus shortly before the year AD 49 when he was sentenced by the Senate because of  repetundae (Tac. Ann. 12,22,3) [1. 159ff]. Readmitted into the Senate by Otho (PIR2 C 6). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 G. Stumpf, Numismatische Unt., 1991.

Common given name of Oscan or Umbrian origin not used by the Roman upper class (abbreviated in inscriptions as Sa. or Sal.), later appears as a nomen gentile; also a slave name. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) I. Republican Era [German version] [I 1] Slave leader (Slave leader) see Tryphon [2]. Bartels, Jens (Bonn) [German version] [I 2] Centurion named only by Plutarch as one of Pompeius' murderers Centurion named only in Plut. Pompeius 78,1 and 79,4 as one of Pompey's murderers. Bartels, Jens (Bonn) [German version] [I 3] Freedman and probable agent of Caesar Freedman probably active as …

[German version] Q. S. Maximus. Son of a senator of the Augustan period, possibly M. Sanquinius, the Master of the Mint (RIC I 2 337; 342). S. became consul on 1 February AD 39 instead of Caligula, perhaps until the end of  June (Cass. Dio 59,13,2); at the same time he may have been a políarchos [2] ( praefectus urbi). CIL X 905 and Tac. Ann. 6,4,3 are also seen as relating to S.; in that case he would have been cos. suff. by c. 21/2, but  cos. II in 39. This reconstruction must, however, remain uncertain. In c. 46 he was legate of the army of Lower Germany; he also died there (Tac. Ann. 11,18,1). Eck, Wer…

[German version] [1] Sex. V. Cerialis Senator, whose family may have originated in the Sabine lands [1. 325-332]. Legionary legate in the Jewish War under Vespasianus; after the conquest of Jerusalem (in AD 70), he was the first senatorial governor to take over the province of Judaea (Palaestina). Probably in the first half of the year 71 he returned to Rome; suffect consul probably in 72 or 73. Recorded 75-78 as consular legate of Moesia (CIL XVI 22; cf. [2. 30, tab. I, Z. 9; 3]) ILS 988 may refer to him. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 Syme RP, vol. 1 2 RMD I, No. 2 3 W. Eck et al., Neu…

[German version] Sex. S. Dexter. Tribune of a praetorian cohort, who in January of AD 69 made an unsuccessful attempt to keep the soldiers from revolting against Galba [2] (Tac. Hist. 1,31,4). He is identical with the procurator et praefectus of the province of Sardinia in 74 [1.80f.]. His name appears again as cos. of 104 and procos. of Asia in 120/121, Sex. S. Dexter Cornelius Priscus [2.154, 210]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 Pflaum, vol. 1 2 W. Eck, Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter, in: Chiron 13, 1983, 147-237. Syme, RP 7, 481; 490.

[German version] I Greek (Τίτος/ Títos). [German version] [I 1] Companion of Paul Important 'assistant' and 'partner' of Paul (Paulus [II 2]; 2 Cor 8,23), of unknown origin. Taken by Paul to the Apostles' Convent in Jerusalem as a 'Gentile Christian', he was not compelled to be circumcised there, in spite of the demands of the Judaists (Gal 2:1-3). Paul sent T. to Corinth on several occasions as his negotiator (2 Cor 7:6 f.; 7:13 f.; he also appeared as an independent co-organizer of the collects: 8:6; 8:16 …

Plebeian tribe, from which senatorial representatives already emerged in the 2nd cent. BC. [German version] [1] L., homo novus, consul 60 BC L., homo novus, supporter of Pompey, distinguished himself as his legate 77-73 (?) BC in the war against Sertorius (Plut. Sert. 19,3 ff.); 72 (?) praetor, 71-67 (?) as proconsul in Spain (conquest of Calagurris, triumph). 66-62 legate in the war against Mithridates. With the support of Pompey, he became consul together with Q. Caecilius Metellus Celer in 60 BC. In 55, sent by Pomp…

[German version] I. Mythical character (Νάρκισσος/ Nárkissos, Lat. Narcissus). [German version] A. Mythology Narcissus is the personification of a plant by the same name; as with many plants, the etymology may be pre-Greek (Chantraine, vol. 2, s.v.). The aetiological myth of Narcissus is documented only in relatively late sources and is unlikely to be earlier than Hellenistic. Conon [4] (FGrH 26 F 1,26), a mythographer, who knew many local myths, tells of the fate of a handsome youth from Thespiae in Boeotia…

[German version] [1] C. G. Eques, Rom. official, praefectus Aegypti probably AD 16-31 Eques, who probably came from Ariminum. Of his public offices only the praefectus Aegypti is known, which he held for 16 years, probably AD 16-31. [1; 2]; P. Oxy 3807. Died returning from Egypt. Married to Helvia, Seneca's aunt. PIR2 G 25. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 G. Bastianini, in: ZPE 17, 1975, 270 2 I. Cazzaniga, in: Analecta Papyrologica 4, 1992, 5ff. [German version] [2] M. G. Aurelius Antoninus Son of the later emperor Antoninus Pius, died before AD 138 Son of the later emperor …

[German version] In the context of Germanicus' [2] sudden death in Syria in AD 19, Martina was said to have prepared the poison that killed him. Allegedly she was a friend of Munatia Plancina, the wife of Cn. Calpurnius [II 16] Piso, Germanicus's adversary. Cn. Sentius, Calpurnius Piso's successor in Syria, sent her to Rome, but she died suddenly in Brundisium during the journey (Tac. Ann. 2,74,2; 3,7,2). Since the poisoning of Germanicus is a fabrication, the allegations against Martina are also without foundation (cf. [1. 153; 154f.]). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 W. Eck, A. C…

[German version] [1] Avitianus, L., governor under the Severi Avitianus, L., praetoric governor of Arabia and consularian governor of Pannonia inferior in the time of the Severi; frater Arvalis (present in the collegium AD 218 and AD 231). PIR2 A 519. Birley, A. R. (Düsseldorf) Bibliography Leunissen, 256, 262. [German version] [2] Senecio, L., governor (beginning of the 3rd cent. AD) Senecio, L., son of a procurator Aug. by the same name, from Cuicul in Numidia, legatus Aug. pro praetore in Coele Syria under Severus, and governor of Britannia between 205 and 207. PIR2 A 521. Birley, A. R.…

Name of a Plebeian family (connection with the Campanian city of Pompeii is unclear). The family acquired political significance with P. [I 1]; he is the origin of the Rufi branch. With P. [I 8] a related branch attained consulship and with his son Cn. P. [I 3] Magnus supplied the most significant member of the gens. Both lineages continue until the early Imperial period (family trees: [1; 2; 3]). I. Republican Period [German version] [I 1] P., Q. Consul 141 BC A homo novus and popular orator (Cic. Brut. 96), he became consul in 141 BC, despite resistance from the nobility a…

[German version] [1] see Polyclitus see  Polyclitus Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] D., Doryphoros Freedman of Claudius or Nero Being a freedman of Claudius or Nero, his full name was Ti. Claudius D. He exercised the function of a libellis and had great influence on Nero, who is to supposed to have even married him. Since D. opposed Nero's marriage with Poppaea, he was removed by him in the year 62 with poison. His possessions, even those in Egypt, fell back to the emperor. PIR2 D 194. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography Bessone, GFF 2, 1979, 105ff.

[German version] Sex. T. C., equestrian; tribune of the second cohort of the vigiles in Rome; later procurator of Asturia et Gallaecia, afterwards of Dalmatia et Histria; perhaps in first half of the 2nd cent. AD (CIL II 2643; VI 2968; AE 1985, 374);  cf.  [1. 64]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 G. Alföldy, Prov. Hispania superior (AHAW 19), 2000.

[German version] [1] Mathematician, c. AD 200 (Σπόρος; Spóros) or Porus (Πόρος; Póros). It is unclear whether the two individuals of this name living around AD 200 are in fact the same person (v. [5]). S. or Porus wrote a (lost) compilation, Κηρία ( Keria), with extracts on the quadrature of the circle and the duplication of the cube [4. 226]. He criticized Archimedes' [1] approximation of the number pi (thus [1. 258,22]), provided his own solution to the problem of the duplication of the cube [1. 76-78; 4. 266-268] and rejected the Quadratrix of Hippias [5] of …

[German version] [1] P. Urgulanilla First wife of the future emperor Claudius (9-24 AD) Daughter of M. Plautius [II 12] Silvanus, first wife of the future emperor Claudius [III 1] (wedding between AD 9 and 10); divorced, probably in 24, on grounds of debauchery and suspicion of murder (aiding in eliminating of Apronia [1], the wife of Plautius' brother) (Tac. Ann. 4,22; on the date Suet. Claud. 26,2; 27,1; [1. 430; 2. 24f.]). The marriage produced two children: Claudia [II 1] Iulia and Claudius [II 23] Drusus (Suet. Claud. 27,1; [3. 135]). Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) Bibliography 1 R…

[German version] C. Hispulla. Daughter of Corellius [2]; married to one Neratius; Corellius [1] was her son. PIR2 C 1296. Eck, Werner (Cologne)

[German version] [1] F. Domitilla Wife of Vespasian Daughter of Flavius Liberalis of Ferentum in Etruria [2. 210, 1447]. First mistress of the eques Statilius Capella; she later married  Vespasianus. The sons Titus, Domitian and a daughter Flavia [2] were born of the marriage ([Aur.Vict.] Epit. Caes. 10,1; 11,1). Initially subject only to Latin law, she later received Roman citizenship when her father became adsertor. She died before Vespasian came to power on 1 July AD 69 (Suet. Vesp. 3) and was not deified. A sesterce minting from 80/1 commemorates her: R…

[German version] C. Octavius Appius S. Sabinus. Senator from Histonium; his father was already a senator. Admitted to the Senate under Septimius [II 7] Severus. After junior posts, legate to the legio XXII Primigenia; took part as dux vexillationis in Caracalla’s expeditio Germanica; governor of Raetia in AD 213, cos. ord. in 214; then iudex instead of the emperor in a province; praefectus alimentorum and appointed ad corrigendum statum Italiae. Governor of Pannonia inferior in 216/17 and of a further consular province; procos. of Africa c. 230. In 240 for the second time cos. ord.; cf. …

[German version] Senator at least from 47 BC; in 57 sentenced by the Senate because of extortion in his province, perhaps Lycia-Pamphylia (Tac. Ann . 13,33; 16,21; [1]). As son-in-law of Ofonius Tigellinus was readmitted to the Senate where he accused Antistius Sosianus and Thrasea Paetus (PIR2 C 1543). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 Syme, RP 2, 1150ff.

Name of a Latin family which belonged to the upper class in Puteoli (Schulze 480). I. Republican Period [German version] [I 1] Duumvir of Puteoli 78 BC As duumvir of Puteoli, he entered into a dispute with Cornelius [I 90]  Sulla in 78 BC, who was so upset that he died (Val.Max. 9,3,8; Plut. Sulla 37,3). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 2] G., Q. Public crier and auctioneer Public crier and auctioneer ( praeco) in the late Republican period (Cicero claims to have known him, Brut. 172). Many anecdotes about his wit and repartee (Cic. De or. 2,244; 28…

Roman plebeian family name, attested from the 4th cent. BC onwards (ThlL, Onom. 3,217-227). The most important families into the 1st cent. AD are the Ahenobarbi [I 1-8] and the Calvini [I 9-12]. Identification of some members of the family in the 2nd cent. BC is uncertain. I. Republican period [German version] Domitii Ahenobarbi Family history in Suet. Ner. 1-5. Legend of the origin of the cognomen (ThlL, 1,135; in manuscript also Aenobarbus) ‘Red-beard’, ‘Bronze-beard’ in Suet. Ner. 1,1; Plut. Aem. 25. The family was probably accorded patrician st…

[German version] [1] Q. Coredius Gallus G. Antiquus Cos. suff. late in AD 119 His father was perhaps G. Antiquus (AE 1954, 63). Praetorian governor of the Province of Arabia, c. AD 116-118/9; cos. suff. late in 119; proconsul Asiae probably in 134/5 [1; 2. 148ff., 176]. If he is identical with M. Paccius Silvanus Q. Coredius Gallus G. Antiquus ([3. 260ff.] = AE 1991, 1576), he was either consular governor of Iudaea or of Syria. Cf. also [4]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 W. Eck, in: Chiron 12, 1982, 361 2 Id., in: Chiron 13, 1983 3 D. Gera, H. Cotton, in: IEJ 41, 1991 4 E. Dąbrowa, in…

Name of a Roman plebeian family. Bearers of the name, recorded from the 3rd cent. BC, not of urban Roman origin, emerged as business people from the 2nd cent. (ILLRP 723b; 747; 1025) and received Roman citizenship perhaps only after the Social War [3]. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] L., L. Proscribed in 82 BC Read his name on one of Sulla's lists of proscribed persons in 82 BC and was thereupon immediately killed on leaving the Forum (Oros. 5,21,4f.). Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) [German version] [I 2] L., L. Pompey's legate against the pirates in 67 BC Pompey'…

(Δημήτριος; Dēmḗtrios). Well-known personalities: the Macedonian King D. [2] Poliorketes; the politician and writer D. [4] of Phalerum; the Jewish-Hellenistic chronographer D. [29]. I. Politically active personalities [German version] [1] Officer under Alexander the Great Officer under Alexander [4], fought at Gaugamela as commander of a troop ( ile) of  Hetairoi and in India he commanded a hipparchy. Badian, Ernst (Cambridge, MA) Bibliography Berve 2, no. 256. [German version] [2] D. Poliorketes Son of  Antigonus [1], born 337/6 BC (Diod. Sic. 19,96,1). In 320 he m…

[German version] [1] A.P.Nepos Aponius Italicus Manilianus C. Licinius Pollio Official under Trajan and Hadrian Senator with a lengthy career under Trajan (Traianus) and Hadrian (Hadrianus). From a not especially promising start as triumvir capitalis, he at length gained Trajan's support as praetor. Subsequently, he became curator viae Cassiae, Clodiae, Ciminiae novae, Traianae; thereupon, legate of legio I Adiutrix during the Parthian War; praetorian legate of Thracia, AD 117/8; cos. suff., AD 119, together with Hadrian, from which a close association with the la…

Roman surname (Schulze 78; ThlL, Onom. 2,765-770). The fictive early republican relatives of Curtius[I 1-3] are said to be the explanation for the name Lacus Curtius [1. 75ff.]. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] C., M. Hero of Roman legend Hero of Roman legend. When a crevice opened on the forum in 362 BC and an oracle announced that it would not close up until Rome's greatest possessions were sacrificed to guarantee the eternity of Rome, Curtius interpreted this as a sign of military bravery and jumped in full armour with h…

Name of a family that came from Praeneste, which is documented there already in the Republican era. An Anician achieved the consulate in 160 BC (see [I 4]), but otherwise the tribe does not distinguish itself again in the Republic. In the imperial era, however, the gens blossomed; from the post-Diocletian era until the 4th cent. AD as an urban Roman family, and then, continued by the members of the female line, emerged as Christian aristocracy of great significance in the 5th cent [1]. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) I. Republican era [German version] [I 1] A., C. Senator (middle of the …

[German version] Roman magistrates (Magistratus) were, on principle, elected for one year only. When, however, a magistrate resigned or died during his term of office, a successor had to be appointed for the rest of that year. This successor was called suffectus (from sufficere, 'to grow again'). While by-elections were rare during the Republic, it became normal during the period of the Triumvirate (43-30 BC) and then from 5 BC, to appoint more than two consuls per year from the outset who were to hold office in succession and in pairs. At first, there were usually only two suffecti per year…

[German version] L. D. Avitus One of the earliest senators to come from Gaul (Vasio Vocontiorum). After his praetorship he became praetorian governor of Aquitania; cos. suff. with Thrasea Paetus in the last months of AD 56. In 57/8 he became commander of the army of Lower Germany, presumably through the influence of the praetorian prefect Afranius Burrus (likewise from Vasio Vocontiorum) (CIL XII 1354 = ILS 979; AE 1976, 391). He drove out the Frisians, who occupied the right bank of the Rhine. With the commander of the…

[German version] [1] Q., Roman officer (46 BC) Q., officer (military tribune ?) of Pompey in Spain in 46 BC. (Dio 43,29,3) [1]. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] Cn. (middle of the 1st cent. BC) Cn., accuser of M.  Saufeius 52 BC (Ascon. 55C). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Nicolet 2, 779-781. [German version] [3] Died 43 BC Proscribed and murdered in 43 BC (App. B Civ. 4,26). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [4] Died 68 AD Delator of unknown social rank, lynched by the people in Rome after Nero's death (Plut. Galba 8,7). Eck, Werner (Cologne) …

The senatorial family came from Saepinum, where a large number of their inscriptions and buildings have been recovered. It entered the Senate no later than under Emperor Nero; its last members are attested in the 4th cent. [German version] [1] L.N.Marcellus Consul ord. II. AD 129 Senator. His natural father was probably N. [4], and his brother was N. [6]. N. was adopted by M. Hirrius Fronto Neratius [2] Pansa, together with whom he was admitted into the ranks of the patricians by Vespasian in AD  73/4. Until the consulate, he had a career without many offices; in 95, he became cos. suff. as a fo…

Name of a Roman plebeian family, in the late Republic also often spelt Plotius, with no clear difference in use (cf. Claudius/Clodius). The earliest epigraphic evidence comes from Praeneste (among it the maker of the Ficoronian Cista, Novios Plautios, CIL I2 561), while the family in Rome achieved political eminence after 367 BC (Münzer therefore considers them to have migrated from Praeneste [1. 42; 44f.; 412]), providing seven consuls between 358 and 318; their migration may explain their interest in integrating Latini (cf. P. [I 5]…

Name of a Roman plebeian family, who probably came from Latium and was accepted into Roman nobility when Latium was integrated politically in 338 BC ( Latin law). The most important branches were first the Salinatores, then the Drusi (on the cognomen see Drusus). The third wife of Augustus and mother of the emperor Tiberius, Livia [2] Drusilla came from this branch (Stemma see Augustus; the family history of the branch is in Suet. Tib. 3). The line of the Salinatores was continued in the late Republic by the Livii Ocellae, who i.a. produced Livia Ocella, the stepmother of the emperor Galba [2]. E…

[German version] Equestrian praefectus [5] castrorum of the Legio II Augusta in Britain, who did not follow the orders of the governor Suetonius Paulinus during Boudicca's revolution in AD 60. Since he had deprived his legion of participation in the victory he killed himself (Tac. Ann. 14,34-37, esp. 37,3). PIR2 P 530. Eck, Werner (Cologne)

Roman nomen gentile, in the form Vitellia also a place name, diminutive of Vitulus (thus [1]). The information on the early history of the family in Suet. Vit. 1,1-3 is fictitious. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] The name is first recorded in the late Republican period. Therefore, the Vitellii fratres, who wanted to topple the young Republic with the Aquilii fratres (Aquillius [I 1]) in 509 BC according to annalistic tradition (Liv. 2,4,1-3; Plut. Publicola 3,4), are fictitious; likewise fictitious is the wife of the founder of the Republic L.…