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Sipāhī
(2,094 words)
(p.), from the Persian
sipah ,
sipāh “army”, hence basically meaning soldier. It has given such European words as English
sepoy (see below, 2.) and French
spahi (see below, 3.). 1. In the Ottoman empire. Here,
sipāhī had the more specific meaning of “cavalryman” in the feudal forces of the empire, in contrast to the infantrymen of the professional corps of the Janissaries [see yeñi čeri ]. Such feudal cavalrymen were supported by land grants (
dirlik “living, means of livelihood”) at different levels of income yield. Below the
k̲h̲āṣṣ [
q.v.] lands granted to members of the higher ech…
