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[German version] Lýkeion (Λύκειον, sc. ἱερόν/ hierón ‘sanctuary’) designates any cult centre of Apollo Lykeios. The most famous is the Lyceum in Athens in a wider sense the park of the same name ( Athens [1] II.8.). Its foundation legends (wolf plague: schol. Dem. Or. 24,114; founder Lycus [8]: Paus. 1,19,3) and the naming of the Lyceum in the legend of Theseus (Cleidemus FGrH 323 F 18) presumably indicate the great age of the cult in Athens. In the 4th cent. BC the cult image of Apollo Lykeios in A…

(Μουσεῖον/ Mouseîon sc. ἱερόν/ hierón, pl. Μουσεῖα/ Mouseîa, Lat. museum). [German version] A. Definition Sanctuary of the Muses; a place to experience the powers of the Muses, celebrate them in cult or give them cultural expression. The Muses gave humankind memory and expression – the prerequisite for intellectual and artistic traditions – thus inspiring dance and music, song and poetry and the preservation of this tradition in cult and schools ( mousikḗ as well as gymnastikḗ sc. téchnē [9. 680-687]; Education). Just as wide as the Muses’ sphere of influence was the ran…

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(τὰ σχόλια/ tà schólia, Lat. scholia). The sg. σχόλιον ( schólion), a diminutive of σχολή ( scholḗ, Leisure), appears at first in the sense of 'learned discussion' (Cic. Att. 16,7,3); later 'note' to an author (Marinus, Vita Procli 27), then 'marginal note' (Anastasios Sinaites, Viae Dux 3,1,1-3; 24,134-136). Scholia are thence exegetical comments, written beside the text in the margins of medieval manuscripts and attested since the 6th cent. AD. I. Greek [German version] A. General Scholia survive on a number of Greek authors. They were excerpted from ancient commentar…

In the 1st cent. BC, vernacular form of the gentilicium  Claudius (C. [I 4] and  Clodia), since late Republican period also an independent family name. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] C., C. Praefect of M. Brutus in 43/42 BC In 43/42 BC follower and prefect of M. Brutus; he murdered C. Antonius [I 3]. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 2] C., Sex. Henchman of P. Clodius [I 4] Pulcher, Sex. Cloelius [2] Henchman of P. Clodius [I 4] Pulcher, Sex.  Cloelius [2]. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 3] C. Aesopus Tragic actor, 2nd half of the 1st cent. BC Tragic …