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[German version] [1] Great-grandfather of Eutharic Great-grandfather of Eutharic, Theoderic [3] the Great's designated successor (cf. Cassiod. Var. 11,1,19; Iord. Get. 81; 250 f.; 298). The family tree is probably partially an invention of Cassiodorus. Lütkenhaus, Werner (Marl) Bibliography P. Heather, Cassiodorus and the Rise of the Amals, in: JRS 79, 1989, 103-128, esp. 118-120  PLRE 2,1116. [German version] [2] King of the Visigoths, mid-5th cent. Visigoth king 451-453 AD, son of Theoderic [1]. After Theoderic's death in the battle on the Campi Catalauni …

[German version] Flavius S., under Felix [6] sent against Bonifatius [1] in Africa in 427 AD (Chron. Min. 1,472); Consul in 437, magister utriusque militiae 437-448, coastal defences against the Vandali 440 (Nov. Valentiniani 9), 448 patricius [2. 158 f.]. Often seen as rival of Aetius [2] [3. 498-500]. Lütkenhaus, Werner (Marl) Bibliography 1 PLRE 2, 1010 2 T. D. Barnes, Patricii under Valentinian III., in: Phoenix 29, 1975, 155-170 3 B. L. Twyman, Aetius and the Aristocracy, in: Historia 19, 1970, 480-503.

[German version] King ( rex) in Visigoth Spain 531-548 AD, great-uncle of  Totila, probably from an influential Gothic family [2. 157 f.]. An 'arms bearer' ( armiger) of Theoderic [3] the Great, he was sent as commander-in-chief to the Visigoths c. 511, guardian of Amalaricus. T. married a well-to-do Spaniard and, with Theoderic's indulgence, exercised power in Spain (Procop. Goth. 1,12,50-54). After Amalaricus's death in 531 T. became rex, in 548 he was assassinated (Chron. Min. 2,283 f.; for the date see [4. 356]). Lütkenhaus, Werner (Marl) Bibliography 1 P. Amory, People and…

[German version] (Ῥοδογάϊσος/ Rhodogáïsos). Goth king, crossed the Danube in AD 405 and invaded Italy (Zos. 5,26,3; Oros. 7,37,4-17; [1. 206-217; 2. vol. 3,1, 200 f.]). He divided his army into three groups (Chron. min. 1,652); one may have reached Gaul [2. vol. 3,2, 22 f.]. While besieging Florence he was repelled by Stilicho (Paulinus, Vita Ambrosii, ch. 50), surrounded at Fiesole, taken prisoner and executed (23.8.406: Chron. min. 1,299). The survivors evidently defected to the Roman side [3. 213]. PLRE 2, 934. Lütkenhaus, Werner (Marl) Bibliography 1 M. Cesa, Römisches Heer…

[German version] Roman landowner in Bruttium and Lucania; in AD 546 he supported the Byzantines in the reclamation of this region (Procop. Goth. 3,18,20-23). His force of armed farmers, which was supposed to prevent Totila from advancing southwards, broke up under the latter's influence, however (Procop. Goth. 3,22,1-5). PLRE 3,1344. Lütkenhaus, Werner (Marl)

see Iulius [IV 15] (poet); see Iulius [IV 16] (jurist) [German version] I Greek (Παῦλος; Paûlos). [German version] [I 1] Bishop of Antioch [1], died after 272 Bishop of Antiochia [1] († after AD 272). P., who was probably born in Samosata and grew up in modest circumstances, succeeded Demetrianus in 260/1 and quickly antagonized influential parts of the Antioch community with his teachings and conduct of his office. According to Eusebius [7] (account of P.: Eus. HE 7,27-30), the presbyter Malchion, head of a school of r…

[German version] [1] Titan (Θεία/ Theíā, fem. of theîos 'divine', also called Erypháessa, 'the far-shining'). A Titan, daughter of Uranus and Gaea, mother by the Titan Hyperion of Helius, Eos and Selene, by Oceanus of the Cercopes (Hes. Theog. 135; 371; Orph. fr. 114; Catull. 66,44). Titans Zimmermann, Sylvia [German version] [2] Ostrogoth king, c. AD 550 (also known as Teia(s), Gr. Τείας /Teíās). Ostrogoth king in AD 552; sent by Totila to northern Italy in 552 to block Narses [4]'s way to Italy; when Narses bypassed him, however, he marched back to Totil…

[German version] (Σίττας, Ζτίττας/ Síttas, Z títtas; Latin also Zetas and the like: [1. 1160]). Magister utriusque militiae in AD 530-538/9; doryphóros of Iustinianus [1] even before the latter's elevation to emperor. First magister militum per Armeniam in 528 (Cod. Iust. 1,29,5; [2. 266 f.]). Married a sister of Theodora (Ioh. Mal. 430). Magister utriusque militiae praesentalis in 530-538/9; killed in an ambush in 538/9 in a battle against the Armenians (Procop. Pers. 2,3,19-26). Lütkenhaus, Werner (Marl) Bibliography 1 PLRE 3, 1160-1163 2 B. Rubin, Das Zeitalter Justini…

[German version] ( Theodahadus; Θευδάτος/ Theudátos). AD 534-536 king of the Ostrogoths in Italy, from the Amali family, son of Amalafrida, nephew of Theoderic the Great (Theodericus (Theoderic) [3]); he owned large estates in Tuscia, often illegally acquired (Proc. BG 1,3,2; cf. e.g. Cassiod. Var. 4,39). After the death of Athalaric, T., who until then had pursued scholarly studies (Proc. BG 1,3,1), was appointed king by Amalasuntha, with power supposed in fact to remain with the latter (Proc. BG 1,…

[German version] (Σάφραξ/ Sáphrax). Ostrogoth; he and Alatheus were legal guardians of Vetericus (Viderich) (son of Vidimir; Amm. Marc. 31,3,3); after crossing the Danube (after 375), he fought in the battle near Hadrianopolis [3] in AD 378 (Amm. 31,4,12). In 380 (?), he settled in Pannonia (Zos. 4,34,2 f.; Iord. Get. 140 f.). Lütkenhaus, Werner (Marl) Bibliography 1 PLRE 1, 802 2 F. Paschoud (ed.), Zosime, Histoire nouvelle, vol. 2,2, 1979, 406-408 (with French translation).

[German version] ( Theodebaldus; Θευδίβαλδος/ Theudíbaldos). Frankish king 547-555 AD, son of Theodebert, still a child at the beginning of his reign. Courted by Iustinianus [1] in 551 for an alliance against Totila (Proc. BG 4,24,11-30), T. refused both this and a request for help from the Ostrogoths in 552 (Proc. BG 4,34,17 f.; for the relationship with Byzantium cf. MGH Epp. 3,131 f., 547 AD). Allegedly against T.'s will, however, Leuthari and Butilinus supported the Goths in Italy in 553/4, but w…

[German version] Nephew of Witigis (on the name cf. [1. 430]), secured Goth power in Liguria in AD 538/9 and conquered Mediolanum [1] (Procop. Goth. 2,18,19; 2,21). His attempt to end the Byzantines' siege of Auximum remained unsuccessful; the loss of Liguria in 539 prevented him supporting Witigis in Ravenna (Procop. Goth. 2,28,31-35). After the latter's capture in 540, U. refused an offer of the title of king of the Goths and proposed Hildebaldus for it (Procop. Goth. 2,30,3-16). After a conflict with Hildebaldus, he was murdered in 541 (Procop. Goth. 3,1,37-48). Lütkenhaus, Werner …

[German version] Visigoth king, AD 568-86. Elevated to king of the territories in Spain in 569 after the death of Athanagild (568) by the latter's successor, his brother Liuwa. L. married Athanagild's widow Goisuntha in his second marriage. After the crisis, which had prevailed since c. 550, he united the majority of Spain under Gothic rule by 579. After Liuwa's death in 573 [3. 40], L. reigned alone and established his sons from his first marriage, Hermenegild and Reccared, as co-regents. In 579, L. married Hermenegild to Ingundis (daught…

[German version] Visigoth king (Visigoths), from AD 415 the successor of Segericus in Spain. V. may have planned to cross to Africa (see also [2. 89]) in order to escape pressure from Constantius [6] on the Goths, but in 416 he concluded a treaty with Ravenna in which they probably agreed to a Goth initiative against the other Germanic peoples in Spain and the later settlement of the Goths in Gaul. (MGH AA 11,19; Oros. 7,43,10-15; Olympiodoros fr.30 Blockley; [2. 88-93]). V. died in 418 before the…