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, the patronymic of a family of Muslim scholars who flourished in Spain from the beginning of the xth to the beginning of the xiiith century a. d. They had migrated from Arabia and traced their descent from ʿAdnān [q. v.]. Their descendants gradually became scattered over the whole of the Iberian peninsula from Xativa (Ḏj̲afn S̲h̲āṭiba) in southeastern Spain where they first settled. 1. The ancestor of the Spanish line was called Zuhr. His biographer, Ibn al-Abbār, gives him the name al-Iyādī, because he traced his descent from Iyād, son of Maʿadd, son of ʿA…