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Homer (Homeros)

(18,161 words)

Author(s): Bagordo, Andreas
A. Werk: Ilias und Odyssee Die homerischen Epen, die beiden ersten erhaltenen lit. Werke der westl. Kultur, dokumentieren Mündlichkeit sowohl der Komposition als auch der Überlieferung. Sehr früh wurden sie auf eine Autorfigur zurückgeführt, die nur noch symbolischen Wert für die Literatur einer ganzen Kultur hatte. Für uns mag es nicht von Belang sein, ob der eine oder der andere Sänger (Aoide) Homer geheißen hat. Selbst wenn ein Homer tatsächlich existierte, können wir ihm höchstens einen Teil der lit. Tätigkeit (vielleicht den redaktionellen Teil) bei der Entstehung von Ilias un…

Archilochos

(5,184 words)

Author(s): Bagordo, Andreas
A. Werk und Rezeptionsprofil In einer Wirkungs- und Rez.-Geschichte der frühgriech. Lyriker, die Archilochos von Paros (um 680–um 630 v.Chr.) – etwa im Vergleich zu Pindar, Sappho oder Anakreon – gewiss nicht unter den Protagonisten sieht, ist sein Bild wie das seiner Dichtung unmissverständlich konnotiert: Als Jambiker wird A. mit einer bissigen, streitsüchtigen, ja kriegerischen Art des Dichtens assoziiert. Wie sich A. selbst in einem elegischen Distichon (fr. 1 West2 = W.2) präsentiert, das als ›Visitenkarte‹ gilt, wird er bis heute auch als Krieger und Dichter …

Homer (Homerus)

(19,560 words)

Author(s): Bagordo, Andreas
A. Works: Iliad and Odyssey The Homeric epics, the two earliest surviving literary works of Western culture, document a tradition that is oral both in composition and transmission. At a very early date, they were attributed to an authorial figure who is really only a symbol standing for a literature of an ¶ entire culture. It matters little to us whether a particular ‘singer’ ( aoidós) was called H. Even if a ‘H.’ did exist, we can ascribe to him at most part of the literary activity involved in the creation of the Iliad and Odyssey – perhaps the editorial part. Any search for the interve…

Archilochus

(5,604 words)

Author(s): Bagordo, Andreas
A. Works and reception profile In any history of the impact and reception of the early Greek lyric poets, even if it does not put A. of Paros ( c. 680– c. 630 BC) at the same level as, say, Pindar, Sappho or Anacreon, A. the man and his poetry will have unmistakable connotations. As an iambic poet, he is associated with a cantankerous, even warlike mode of poetry. Just as A. presented himself in an elegiac distich (fr. 1 West2 = W.2) that functions as his ‘visiting card’, so to this day he continues to be received as a warrior-poet, or, better, a warlike poet. Ancient viewpoints were dominated by cl…

Sappho

(9,120 words)

Author(s): Bagordo, Andreas
A. Life and work The Greek lyric poet S. ( c. 600 BC) figures in her reception not only as a poet (in the sense of a producer of poetry), but also as an outstanding poetic personality. Not least by reason of the dismal state of transmission of early Greek lyric in general and S. in particular – at least for much of the 2,600 or so years that separate her from us – she was long received less for her actual poems than for the supposed events of her life. These have always been viewed as more authentic in th…

Wisdom Literature

(4,476 words)

Author(s): Hutter, Manfred | Lange, Armin | Lips, Hermann v. | Bagordo, Andreas
[German Version] I. Religious Studies Words for wisdom display a great range of meanings, which need to be taken into account in discussing Wisdom literature. Etymologically the words wise and wisdom ¶ (also Ger. Wissen, “knowledge”) derive from the Proto-Indo-European root * weid- (cf. Sanskrit vid- with its derivatives veda, “[religious] knowledge,” and vidya, “knowledge”; also Lat. videre, “see”). Gk γνῶσις/ gnṓsis, “knowledge” (including the technical term Gnosis), Sanskrit jñāna-, “knowledge,” and Eng. know have a common verbal root * jen( ə)-. Equivalents to the Heb. verb םכ…