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Siyāsa

(3,517 words)

Author(s): Bosworth, C. E. | Netton, I. R. | Vogel, F. E.
(a.), nom verbal issu de la racine s-w-s «entretenir, diriger», étymologiquement lié au mot de l’hébreu Biblique sus «cheval», utilisé à l’origine dans les sociétés bédouines pour désigner l’entretien et le dressage des bêtes, d’où

Ṣalb

(662 words)

Author(s): Vogel, F.E.
(a.), la crucifixion. Dans la doctrine et la pratique islamique, il s’agit d’un châtiment criminel où le corps du coupable, vivant ou mort, est attaché ou empalé sur une poutre ou un tronc d’arbre et exposé plusieurs jours de suite. Avant l’Islam, beaucoup de communautés culturelles, dont les civilisations perse et romaine, pratiquaient la crucifixion pour punir les traîtres, les rebelles, les voleurs et les esclaves criminels (M. Hengle, Crucifixion in …

Siyāsa

(3,181 words)

Author(s): Bosworth, C.E. | Netton, I.R. | Vogel, F.E.
(a.), verbal noun from the root s-w-s “to tend, manage”, etymologically connected with Biblical Hebrew sūs “horse”, originally used in Bedouin society for the tending and training of beasts, hence sāʾis “manager or trainer of horses, camels, etc.” (this last appearing, via Hindi, in the Anglo-Indian word syce “groom”, Fr. çais ; see Yule-Burnell, Hobson-Jobson , a glossary of Anglo-Indian colloquial words and phrases 2, London 1903, 885-6). 1. In the sense of statecraft, the management of affairs of state and, eventually, that of politics and political policy. ¶ …

Ṣalb

(622 words)

Author(s): Vogel, F.E.
(a.), “crucifixion”. In Islamic doctrine and practice, it refers to a criminal punishment in which the body of the criminal, either living or dead, is affixed ¶ to or impaled on a beam or tree trunk and exposed for some days or longer. Before Islam, many cultures, including the Persian and Roman ones, practised crucifixion as a punishment for traitors, rebels, robbers and criminal slaves (M. Hengle, Crucifixion in the ancient world, London 1977). The Ḳurʾān refers to crucifixion in six places. The significant verse for legal practice is V, 33: “The recompense of those who make war on ( yuḥārib…