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, the narcissus, in Turkish nergis , in Persian nargis and also ʿabhar (cf. F. Meier, Die schöne Mahsatī , Wiesbaden 1963, i, 251). In classical Arabic, Persian and Turkish poetry the narcissus appears both in descriptions of nature and in erotic poetry. Instances of the narcissus as one of the items of the garden can be found in the exordia of panegyric ḳaṣīdas , in wine and love poetry ( k̲h̲amriyyāt , g̲h̲azaliyyāt ) and, of course, in the specialised genres of garden, flower and spring poetry ( rawḍiyyāt , zahriyyāt , rabīʿiyyāt ). A number of Arab poets, e.g. Ibn al-Muʿtazz and Ibn al-Rūmī [ q.v…