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[German version] (Καστιάνειρα; Kastiáneira). Legitimate concubine of  Priamus, mother of Gorgythion who was killed by Teucer (Hom. Il. 8,302ff.). She is from Aesyme in Thrace: Priamus' marriage policy creates a widespread network of relationships to diverse coalition partners. Stoevesandt, Magdalene (Basle)…

(Ἶλος; Îlos). [German version] [1] Founder of Troy Heros eponymos and founder of Ilios/Ilium ( Troy); son of  Tros, father of  Laomedon (Hom. Il. 20,231ff.;  Dardanidae). His tomb is mentioned in the Iliad (11,166 et passim) as a fixed topographical point in the plain of Troy. The fullest account of the foundation legend is offered by Apollod. 3,140ff.; a coin of the emperor Caracalla from Ilium shows I. sacrificing before the  Palladion, which he received from Zeus at the founding of the city, according to Apollodorus. …

[German version] [1] Son of Priamus and Hecabe, abductor of Helena (Πάρις; Páris). Son of the Trojan ruling couple Priamus and Hecabe, abductor of Helena [1]. Also called Aléxandros; how the names came to be used parallel to each other is uncertain, as is the relationship between Aléxandros and the vassal king Alaksandu of Wilusa, who is referred to in the text of a Hittite treaty from the 13th cent. BC. Since it appears to be certain that Wilusa is identical with (W)ilios/Troy [7. 448-456], it may be that behind the name P./Alexandros is a historical person who, in addition to the local name P., bore the Greek name Alexandros (regarding international use or half-Greek origin [9. 207f.]). The story of P.'s youth may already have been told in the 'Cypria' [8. 819], but it is not documented until the 5th cent. BC (Pind. fr. 52i(A); extant fragments of Sophocles' Alexander tragedies, TrGF 4, fr. 91a-100a, Euripides [6. 20-42] and Ennius: Enn. Scaen. 35-78; variations in Apollod. 3,148-150 and Hyg. Fab. 91): When Hecabe is pregnant with P., she dreams that she gives birth to a fire-bearing Erinys (Pindar) or a torch (Apollodorus) that sets all of Troy on fire. Consequently …

(Τρώς; Trṓs). [German version] [1] Eponymous king of the Trojans Eponymous king of the Trojans; grandson of Dardanus [1], great-grandfather of Priamus an…

(Ἱππόλοχος; Hippólochos). [German version] [1] Son of Bellerophontes Son of  Bellerophontes, father of the Lycian Prince  Glaucus [4] (Hom. Il. 6,206 et passim).…

[German version] (Πάνθοος/ Pánthoos, Πάνθους/ Pánthous). Member of the Trojan Council of Elders (Hom. Il. 3,146); son of Othrys (Verg. Aen. 2,319), husband of Phrontis (Hom. Il. 17,40), father of Polydamas [1], Euphorbus and Hyperenor (Hom. Il. 13,756; 16,808; 17,23f.). In Virgil, he is a …

[German version] (Καλήσιος; Kalḗsios). Trojan ally from Arisbe (northern Troad), charioteer of Axylus, slain together with Axylus by Diomedes (Hom. Il. 6.18). Stoevesandt, Magdalene (Basle) …

(Σκαμάνδριος). [German version] [1] Son of Hector and Andromache See Astyanax. …

[German version] (Πείροος, -ως; Peíroos, - ōs). Son of Imbrasus from Aenus [1], together with Acamas leader of the Thracian treaty partners of the Trojans (Hom. Il. 2,844f.); father of Rhigmus ( …

(Λάμπος/ Lámpos, also Λάμπων/ Lámpōn). [German version] [1] Brother of Priam Son of Laomedon, brother of Priamus; member of the Trojan council of elders; father of Dolop…

[German version] (Κόων; Kóōn). Trojan, oldest son of  Antenor [1]. In the attempt to avenge his brother  Iphidamas on Agamemnon, C. injures Agamemnon's arm but is killed by him. As a result of the injury, Agamemnon is forced to leave the fight (Hom. Il. 11,248ff.; 19,53). The scene was depicted on the  Cypselus chest (Paus. 5,19,4).…

[German version] (Πρίαμος/ Príamos, Lat. Priamus). Last king of Troy, son of Laomedon [1]; frequently called Dardanídēs ('descendant of Dardanus') in the Iliad after his oldest known ancestor Dardanus (family tree: Hom. Il. 20,215 ff.; Apollod. 3,138 ff.; Dardanidae). Husband of the Phrygian Hecabe, he had numerous concubines, including Castianera from Thrace (Hom. Il. 8,304 f.) and Laothoe [3], daughter of the king of the Lelegians (ibid. 21,85 ff.; 22,48). His polygamy typifies P. as an oriental ruler: his marriage…

(Πήδασος; Pḗdasos). [German version] [1] Trojan Trojan, son of the nymph Abarbaree and of Laomedon's illegitimate son Bucolion; together with his brother Aesepus, he is killed by Euryalus [1] (Hom. Il. 6,20ff.).…

[German version] (Νάστης/ Nástēs). Son of Nomion, commander of the Trojans' Carian allies, together with his brother Amphimachus [3] (cf. Hom. Il. 2,867ff.). He or his brother (the grammatical reference is ambiguous) went to war ‘wearing gold like a girl’ and was killed by Achilles in the river battle. According to Dictys 4,12, both brothers fell to Ajax.…

[German version] (Πήδαιος; Pḗdaios). Trojan, the illegitimate son of Antenor [1]. For Antenor’s sake his wife, Theano, brought up P. with their own children. He was killed by Meges (Hom. Il. 5,69-75). …

(Κάπυς; Kápys; Lat. Capys). [German version] [1] Vater des Anchises Trojan, descendant of Dardanus ( Dardanidae), father of  Anchises (Hom. Il. 20.239). According to some myths, his grandson Aeneas [1] founded the Arcadian Kap(h)yae (Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 1.49.1; Steph. Byz. s.v. Καφύαι), his great-grandson Rhomus founded Capua (Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 1.73.3) and named it after him. Stoevesandt, Magdalene (Basle) [German version] [2] Founder of Capua…

(Φαῖνοψ; Phaînops). [German version] [1] Hector's friend from Abydus Hector’s friend and guest from Abydus [1]. Apollo appears before Hector in the guise of P. (Hom. Il. 17,583). Stoevesandt, Magdalene (Basle) [German version] [2] Father of the Trojan warriors, Xanthus and Thoon Father of Xanthus and Thoon who are killed outside Troy (Hom. Il. 5,152ff.). Stoevesandt, Magdalene (Basle) …

(Λαομέδων; Laomédōn, ‘Ruler of the People’). [German version] [1] Mythical king of Troy …

(Καλήτωρ; Kalḗtōr). [German version] [1] Father of Aphareus Achaean, father of Aphareus who was killed by Aeneas (Hom. Il. 13.541). Stoevesandt, Magdalene (Basle) [German version] [2] Cousin of Hector Trojan, son of  Clytius [4], cousin of Hector (Hom. Il. 15.419ff.), brother-in-law of  Cycnus [2] (Paus. 10.14.2). Killed by  Ajax [1] when attemptin…

(Φέρεκλος/ Phéreklos). [German version] [1] Trojan Troianer Trojan, son of Tecton ('master builder') and grandson of Harmon ('joiner'); he constructed the ships which Paris used to kidnap Helen [1]; he was killed by Meriones  (Hom. Il. 5,59ff.; Ov. Epist. 16,22).…