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[German version] Flavius B. was a Frank (Zos. 4,33,2) and a professed pagan (Ambr. Epist. 57). Under  Gratianus, he rose to the position of mag. mil. in c. AD 380 (Zos. 4,33,1) and aided  Theodosius I against the Goths. In 383, he became mag. peditum praesentalis and the authoritative advisor at the court of  Valentinianus II (Ambr. Epist. 24,4,8; 18,1,57). Although he was  Ambrosius' adversary in the dispute about the altar of Victory in 384, he seems to have aligned himself in the end with the bishop's arguments (Ambr. Epist. 17,18 and …

[German version] Comes Africae from AD 364 to 373; he was supposed to protect the city of Leptis Magna from attacks by the Austoriani (Amm. Marc. 28,6,1-6). His administration led to frequent complaints from the population, but R. was supported at court by his relative, the magister officiorum Remigius (Amm. Marc. 27,9,1 f.). In 372 the Moor Firmus [3] was driven to usurpation  by R.' behaviour. Shortly afterwards R., having lost his position, was impeached (cf. Zos. 4,16,3), but with the help of Flavius Merobaudes [1] he w…

[German version] [1] Flavius Valentinianus I Roman emperor 364-375. Portmann, Werner (Berlin) [German version] I. Origins and rise V. was born in Cibalae in Pannonia in AD 321 (Zos. 3,36,2; Amm. Marc. 30,6,6) as the son of the comes rei militaris Gratianus [1]. In 357, he was tribunus in Gaul (Amm. Marc. 16,11,6 f.); beginning in 360/1, he held high military office in Mesopotamia; in 362, he was comes et tribunus cornutorum there (Philostorgius, Historia ecclesiae 7,7). According to some Christian traditions, Iulianus [11] exiled him to Egyptian Thebes [1] in 362…

[German version] From AD 383-388 A. was mag. equitum of the usurper Maximus. He murdered the emperor Gratian in 383 (Ambr. Commentarius in psalmis 61,23-25; Zos. 4,35,6). In 388 he prepared the defence of Maximus against Theodosius I and placed himself at the head of the fleet in the Adriatic. After Theodosius' victory he plunged himself into the sea (Oros. 7,35; Zos. 4,46 f.). Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[German version] [1] From Alexandria, consularis Palaestinae c. 352/3 AD C. of Alexandria was the consularis Palaestinae (Lib. Ep. 693) in c. AD 352/3. In the winter of 353/4 he became the victim of an intrigue in Antioch [1] and was executed without trial (Amm. Marc. 14,1,3). PLRE 1,213 (Clematius 1). Portmann, Werner (Berlin) [German version] [2] Consularis Palaestinae 357-358 AD C. held a high office in Antioch [1] at the time of the caesar Gallus ( Constantius [5]), probably as an agens in rebus (Lib. Ep. 405, 435); in AD 357-358 consularis Palaestinae (Lib. Ep. 317). He was in clo…

[German version] High-ranking military officer under Constantius [2] II. He was magister equitum in the East from AD 349-359. On orders from Constantius [5] Gallus, he conducted trials for high treason in Antioch [1] in 354 (Amm. Marc. 14,9,1 and 3) and in 355 deposed the usurper Silvanus [3] in Gaul (Amm. Marc. 15,5,18-31). From 357 on the Persian front again, he lost his command owing to court intrigues (Amm. Marc. 18,5,4), but in 359/60 was again appointed magister peditum (Amm. Marc. 18,6) and relieved of his position once more because the loss of Amida (in 360) was im…

[German version] [1] Wife of Constantius II from Thessalonica; perhaps the daughter of Eusebius [1]. From about AD 352 she was the second wife of Constantius II (Julian Or. 3,109a-b, 110d). She was held to be unusually beautiful (Amm. Marc. 18,3,2), and is supposed to have exercised a strong influence on the emperor (cf. Amm. Marc. 21,16,16), to such an extent as to arouse the suspicion of her contemporaries ([Aur. Vict.] Epit. Caes. 42,20). On her advice Julian, of whom she was very fond (cf. Julian O…

[German version] King of the Alamanni, who, together with other Alamannic kings, was defeated by Julian's army at Strasbourg in AD 357 (Amm. Marc. 16,12,1). He surrendered in 358 (Amm. Marc. 17,10,5-9) and strove after a peaceful agreement both with the Romans and with the neighbouring Germanic tribes (Amm. Marc. 18,2,2; 13f.). PLRE 1, 444 (H.1). Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[German version] Prince (according to Rufin. Hist. 1,10: King) of the Iberi to the north of Armenia. He entered into office in the service of the Romans as a protector possibly as early as 378-369 and fought as the tribunus of one of the two scholae palatinae at Adrianopolis (Amm. Marc. 31,12,16). B. became dux Palaestinae and later (around 391/2) comes domesticorum to  Theodosius I. He took part in the battle on the Frigidus (as magister utriusque militiae? Rufin. Hist. 2,33; according to Zos. 4,57,3; 58,3, he fell in the battle). B. was a Christian (Rufin. Hist. 1,10)…

[German version] From Siscia, as quaestor sacri palatii ( Quaestor III.), in AD 364 he helped supporters of Iulianus [11] who were accused of practicing magic (Amm. Marc. 26,4,4). Between 365 and 367 as praefectus urbis Romae, he tried, in vain, to end the unrest occasioned by the election of a bishop disputed between Damasus and Ursinus (Amm. Marc. 27,3,11 f.). 368-371 he was praefectus praetorio Galliarum. Numerous laws are in his name (e.g Cod. Theod. 7,13,5; 13,10,4). PLRE 1,972. Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[German version]  Alemannic (Amm. Marc. 14,10,8), tribunus stabuli AD 354 (Amm. Marc. loc. cit). His extraordinary promotion from tribunus of a schola palatina in 360 to magister peditum praesentalis (Amm. Marc. 14,10,8; 20,2,5) was due to the high regard in which he was held by Constantius II. After he was deployed in 360/361 on the Tigris against the Persians, he accompanied Constantius on the march against the emperor  Julianus in 361. After Constantius' death, A. made himself available to Julian. He was one of the memb…

[German version] Friend of Libanius (Lib. Ep. 409; 441 and passim). Initially, he was notarius (Lib. Or. 42,24f.), served under Constantine [1] the Great, was later an adviser of Constantius II (Lib. Ep. 114; 490). He became patricius and in AD 358 consul. As comes, in 346, he attempted to persuade Athanasius to return to Alexandria (Athan. Hist. Ar. 22). In 351, he was on the committee which had to decide on Photinus' heresy (Epiphany, adv. haer. 71). In 364, he was part of emperor Jovian's entourage (Philostorgius Hist. eccl. 8,8). He r…

[German version] Comes sacrarum largitionum 355-361, an important aide to the emperor Julianus [11] in his financial distress (Amm. 22,3,7). With Constantius [2] II he visited the ruins of  Amida in 360 AD and levelled criticism at the soldiers' lack of courage (Amm. 20,11,5). Perhaps because of that he was condemned to death by military officers in the court of Chalcedon which Julianus had commissioned after the death of Constantius. Julianus later distanced himself from the verdict (Amm. 22,3,8;  cf.  Lib. Or. 18,152; PLRE 1,988 no. 1). Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[German version] Son of the praefectus praetorio Galliarum Maximinus [3], through whose influence he was appointed dux Valeriae c. AD 373. He promoted the construction of a fortification ordered by Valentinianus I on the territory of the Quadi. He had their king Gabinius [II 5] treacherously murdered in 374 AD (Amm. Marc. 29,6,3-5; in Zos. 4,16,4 he is called Celestius). PLRE 1, 543f. no. 2 and 190 (Celestius). Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[German version] Flavius Arintheus, possibly a Goth, was a high-ranking soldier of the Christian faith. He distinguished himself in AD 355 as vice-commander of a Palatine schola in the Alemanni War of Constantius II (Amm. Marc. 15,4,10). In the Persian War of 363 he led the left wing of the cavalry as comes rei militaris (Amm. Marc. 24,1,2). After the death of Julian he supported the election of a Christian emperor (Amm. Marc. 25,5,2). He spoke for the election of Valentinian I (Philostorg. Hist. eccl. 8,8). As magister peditum praesentalis (366-378) he played a significant role in …

[German version] [1] Official under Constantinus [2] II. Consularis Syriae, comes Orientis, praefectus praetorio Galliarum Official under Constantius [2] II. consularis Syriae (before AD 353; Lib. Ep. 251), comes Orientis (353-354; Amm. Marc. 14,1,3; 7,2; Lib. Ep. 386), praefectus praetorio Galliarum (355/357; Lib. Ep. 386 Foerster). From 359 to 361 he was the first praefectus urbis Constantinopolitanae (Chron. min. 1,239 Mommsen) and in this office he passed judgement on the heresy of Aetius (Sozom. Hist. eccl. 4,23,3). PLRE 1, 438f. (H. 2). Portmann, Werner (Berlin) …

[German version] Arabic princess who undertook raids in Palestine and Phoenicia c. AD 372. In 378 she made peace with Valens and requested the hermit Moses as bishop for her people (Socr. 4,36,1-12; Sozom. Hist. eccl. 6,38,1-9; Theod. Hist. eccl. 4,23). After the battle of Hadrianopolis [3] she supported the Romans with troops (Amm. Marc. 31,16,5; Sozom. Hist. eccl. 7,1,1). She married her daughter to the magister equitum Victor (Socr. 4,36,12). According to Theophanes (annus mundi 5869 = 1,64,12 deBoor) she was a Roman by birth who had been captured by the Saracens. PLRE 1, 569. Portmann,…

[German version] Flavius I. (Jovian), Roman emperor AD 363-364, born in Singidunum in 331, the son of the Comes Domesticorum Varronianus. His father-in-law was the Magister Militum Lucillianus, his wife was possibly called Charito (cf. Zon. 13,14). He served as Protector Domesticus under Constantius [2] II (Amm. Marc. 21,16,20), and under Julian [11] as Primicerius Domesticorum (Amm. Marc. 25,5,4). The day after Julian's death in battle against the Persians, I. was proclaimed emperor on 27 June 363, while still on Persian territory. He ended the P…

[German version] In AD 370-377 comes rerum privatarum in the East (Cod. Theod. 7,13,2; 10,16,3 and passim). In 371 he had subordinates who were accused of magic tortured (Amm. Marc. 29,1,5-7; Zos. 4,14,1). He may be identical with the pagan poet, rhetor, and philosopher of the same name (cf. Lib. Ep. 694,9; 1157; 1425), a correspondent of Libanius (Ep. 565; 644; 650 et passim). PLRE 1, 369 (F. 1). Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[German version] (Μίκκαλος; Míkkalos). Antiochene, brother of the provincial governors Evagrius and Olympius. He was himself administrator of Thrace in AD 362. Libanius describes his dispute with his brother Olympius (Lib. Or. 63,30-35; cf. also Lib. Epist. 97-99, 149). PLRE 1, 602. Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[German version] [1] Last Vicarius urbi Romae in 359 AD Was the last vic. urbi Romae, deputy praef. urbi Romae in the year AD 359 (Amm. Marc. 17.11.5; after 25 August: CIL VI 32004). Portmann, Werner (Berlin) [German version] [2] Flavius A. Dux Aegypti 360 AD Was an officer of the Arian religion under Constantine II. As dux Aegypti, he proceeded against the pagan cults in AD 360. In 362, he was condemned and sentenced to death by Julian due to his complicity in the murder of Gallus (Amm. Marc. 22,11,2ff.; Theod. Hist. eccl. 3,18,1). He was later honour…

[German version] [1] Magnus D. Caesar 350-353 AD Caesar during AD 350-353. A relative (possibly brother) of the usurper Magnus Magnentius ([Aur. Vict.] Epit. Caes. 42,2; Zon. 13,8,2) who made him Caesar in Milan at the end of 350 when the German tribes, encouraged by Constantius [2] II, had invaded Gaul. Commanding an insufficient force, he suffered a defeat against the Alamannic king Chnodomar (Julian Or. 1,35A; Amm. Marc. 16,12,4f.). When he heard of Magnentius' death, he committed suicide in Sens on 18 August 353 (Eutr. 10…

[German version] Was appointed comes domesticorum by Julian in AD 361 (Amm. Marc. 21,8,1) and magister equitum by Jovian; in 364 he was influential in the elections of Jovian and Valentinian I (Amm. Marc. 25,5,2; Philostorgius 8,8). In 364-366 as magister peditum( equitum?) he fought against the Alemanni (Amm. Marc. 26,5,9), in 366 he was consul. PLRE 1, 239. Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[English version] Von 370-377 n.Chr. comes rerum privatarum im Osten (Cod. Theod. 7,13,2; 10,16,3 u.ö.). 371 ließ er Untergebene, die der Zauberei angeklagt waren, foltern (Amm. 29,1,5-7; Zos. 4,14,1). Er ist evtl. identisch mit dem gleichnamigen paganen Dichter, Rhetor und Philosophen (vgl. Lib. epist. 694,9; 1157; 1425), einem Korrespondenten des Libanios (epist. 565; 644; 650 u.ö.). PLRE 1, 369 (Fortunatianus 1). Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[English version] Alamanne (Amm. 14,10,8), tribunus stabuli 354 n. Chr. (Amm. l.c.). Seinem hohen Ansehen bei Constantius II. verdankte er 360 die außergewöhnliche Beförderung vom tribunus einer Palatinschola zum magister peditum praesentalis (Amm. 14,10,8; 20,2,5). Nachdem er 360/361 am Tigris gegen die Perser eingesetzt worden war, begleitete er 361 Constantius auf dem Zug gegen Kaiser Iulianus. Nach Constantius' Tod stellte er sich Iulianus zur Verfügung. Er gehörte zu den Mitgliedern der Untersuchungskommission von Chalke…

[English version] (Μίκκαλος). Antiochener, Bruder der Provinzstatthalter Euagrius und Olympius. Er selbst verwaltete 362 n.Chr. Thrakien. Seinen Konflikt mit dem Bruder Olympius schildert Libanios (Lib. or. 63,30-35; vgl. auch Lib. epist. 97-99, 149). PLRE 1, 602. Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[English version] Praef. praet. Orientis, nachweisbar nur durch verschiedene, schwer zu datierende Gesetze aus den Jahren 326 n.Chr. (Cod. Theod. 9,3,2 u.a.), 329-331 (ebd. 12,1,1 u.a.) und 336 (ebd. 12,1,22). Daß er das Amt in diesem Zeitraum kontinuierlich innehatte, ist nicht wahrscheinlich. PLRE 1, 284f. E. (2). Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[English version] Flavius B. war Franke (Zos. 4,33,2) und bekannte sich zum Heidentum (Ambr. epist. 57). Unter Gratianus ca. 380 n.Chr. zum mag. mil. aufgestiegen (Zos. 4,33,1) half er Theodosius I. gegen die Goten. Er wurde 383 mag. peditum praesentalis und maßgeblicher Ratgeber am Hof Valentinianus' II. (Ambr. epist. 24,4,8; 18,1,57). Er war zwar Gegner des Ambrosius beim Streit um den Victoriaaltar 384, scheint sich aber schließlich den Argumenten des Bischofs angeschlossen zu haben (Ambr. epist. 17,18 und 57,3). Er starb bald na…

[English version] [1] Gattin Constantius' II. aus Thessalonike, evtl. Tochter des Eusebios I. Sie war seit etwa 352 n.Chr. zweite Gattin Constantius' II. (Iul. or. 3,109a-b, 110d). Sie galt als ungewöhnlich schön (Amm. 18,3,2) und soll einen schon von den Zeitgenossen beargwöhnten ([Aur. Vict.] epit. Caes. 42,20), starken Einfluß auf den Kaiser ausgeübt haben (vgl. Amm. 21,16,16). Auf ihren Rat wurde Iulian, dem sie sehr geneigt war (vgl. Iul. or. 3,117a-118c), zum Caesar erhoben (Amm. 15,2,8; 8,3). E…

[English version] Arabische Fürstin, die um 372 n.Chr. in Palästina und Phönizien Plünderungszüge unternahm. 378 schloß sie mit Valens Frieden und erbat von ihm den Eremiten Moses als Bischof für ihr Volk (Sokr. 4,36,1-12; Soz. 6,38,1-9; Theod. hist. eccl. 4,23). Nach der Schlacht bei Hadrianopolis [3] unterstützte sie die Römer mit Truppen (Amm. 31,16,5; Soz. 7,1,1). Ihre Tochter verheiratete sie mit dem magister equitum Victor (Sokr. 4,36,12). Nach Theophanes (annus mundi 5869 = 1,64,12 deBoor) war sie eine gebürtige Römerin, die in die Gefangenschaft der…

[English version] Freund des Libanios (Lib. epist. 409; 441 u.a.). Er war zunächst notarius (Lib. or. 42,24f.), diente unter Constantinus [1] dem Gr., war später Ratgeber des Constantius II. (Lib. epist. 114; 490). Er wurde patricius und 358 n.Chr. consul. 346 suchte er als comes Athanasios zur Rückkehr nach Alexandreia zu bewegen (Athan. hist. Ar. 22). 351 war er in der Kommission, die über die Ketzerei des Photinus zu urteilen hatte (Epiphanios, adv. haer. 71). 364 befand er sich im Gefolge des Kaisers Iovian (Philostorgios hist. eccl. …

[English version] [1] aus Alexandreia, um 352/3 n.Chr. consularis Palaestinae K. aus Alexandreia war um 352/3 n.Chr. consularis Palaestinae (Lib. epist. 693). Im Winter 353/4 wurde er in Antiocheia [1] Opfer einer Intrige und ohne Prozeß hingerichtet (Amm. 14,1,3). PLRE 1,213 (Clematius 1). Portmann, Werner (Berlin) [English version] [2] Consularis Palaestinae 357-358 n. Chr. K. hatte in Antiocheia [1] zur Zeit des Caesars Gallus (Constantius [5]) eine hohe Stellung, wohl als agens in rebus (Lib. epist. 405, 435); 357-358 n.Chr. consularis Palaestinae (Lib. epist. 317). Er s…

[English version] [1] Magnus D. Caesar 350-353 n.Chr. Caesar 350-353 n.Chr. Verwandter (evtl. Bruder) des Usurpators Magnus Magnentius ([Aur. Vict.] epit. Caes. 42,2; Zon. 13,8,2), der ihn Ende 350 in Mailand, als die von Constantius [2] II. dazu veranlaßten Germanen in Gallien eingefallen waren, zum Caesar ernannte. Mit unzureichenden Kräften ausgestattet, mußte er eine Niederlage gegen den Alamannenkönig Chnodomar hinnehmen (Iul. or. 1,35A; Amm. 16,12,4f.). Als er von Magnentius' Tod erfuhr, beging er am 18.8.353 Selbstmord in Sens (Eutr…

[English version] Thesproter, Heide (Lib. epist. 1179). In Konstantinopel ausgebildet, hatte er Verbindung zu Themistios und Libanios (ebd. 67f.; 240f.). Er bekleidete um 360 n.Chr. nicht verifizierbare Ämter in Konstantinopel und war 363-366 vicarius Asiae. Er zeichnete sich im Kampf gegen den Usurpator Prokop aus und wurde von Valens zum procos. Asiae (366-367) befördert (Eun. vitae soph. 7,5,3-5). 372/3 und 382/4 war er praef. urbis Constantinopolitanae. Bis zu seinem Konsulat 384 war er sehr einflußreich (Lib. or. 42,18). Er starb vor 388. An ihn sind 21 …

[English version] In Ankyra geboren, ‘Heide’ (Lib. epist. 267; 1419). 360 n.Chr. war er Statthalter ( consularis?) in Galatien (Lib. epist. 308). E. ist Empfänger zahlreicher Briefe des Libanios (epist. 267; 1419 u.a.). Er ist aber wohl kaum identisch mit dem praef. Aegypti von 362/3 n.Chr., E. Olympus (Cod. Theod. 15,1,8f.) der aus Kilikien stammte und mit Libanios in Athen studierte (Lib. epist. 147). PLRE 1, 276, 647f. Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[English version] Flavius I., röm. Kaiser 363-364 n.Chr., geb. 331 in Singidunum, Sohn des comes domesticorum Varronianus. Sein Schwiegervater war der Heermeister Lucillianus, seine Frau hieß evtl. Charito (vgl. Zon. 13,14). Unter Constantius [2] II. war er protector domesticus (Amm. 21,16,20), unter Iulianus [11] primicerius domesticorum (Amm. 25,5,4). Einen Tag nach Iulianus' Tod im Kampf gegen die Perser wurde I. am 27.6.363 noch auf pers. Gebiet vom Heer zum Kaiser erhoben. Er beendete den Perserkrieg und ging auf die von Sapor II. a…

[English version] Ulpius L. war 342 n.Chr. proconsul von Konstantinopel. Er bewirkte nach Libanios dessen Entfernung aus der Stadt (Lib. or. 1,45-47). 347-349 war er gleichzeitig praef. praet. Italiae und praef. urbis Romae (Chron. min. 1,68 Mommsen; Cod. Theod. 9,21,6; 9,17,2). 349 bekleidete L. das Konsulat. PLRE 1,510 (Ulpius L. 2). Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[English version] Prinz (nach Rufin. hist. 1,10: König) der nördl. von Armenien wohnenden Iberer. Er trat evtl. schon 368/9 als protector in röm. Dienste und kämpfte 378 als tribunus einer der beiden scholae palatinae bei Adrianopel (Amm. 31,12,16). B. wurde dux Palaestinae, später (um 391/2) comes domesticorum bei Theodosius I. In der Schlacht am Frigidus nahm er (als magister utriusque militiae?) teil (Rufin. hist. 2,33; nach Zos. 4,57,3; 58,3 fiel er in der Schlacht). B. war Christ (Rufin. hist. 1,10). Libanios betrachtete ihn jedoch als Heiden (epist. 1060). PLRE 1, 144. Portmann…

[English version] Wurde 361 n.Chr. von Iulian zum comes domesticorum (Amm. 21,8,1) und 364 von Iovian zum magister equitum ernannt, war einflußreich bei der Wahl Iovians und Valentinians I.(Amm. 25,5,2; Philostorgios 8,8). 364-366 kämpfte er als magister peditum( equitum?) gegen die Alamannen (Amm. 26,5,9), 366 war er consul. PLRE 1, 239. Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[English version] König der Alamannen, der zusammen mit anderen alamann. Königen 357 n.Chr. dem Heer Iulians bei Straßburg unterlag (Amm. 16,12,1). Er unterwarf sich 358 (Amm. 17,10,5-9) und erstrebte sowohl mit den Römern wie mit den ihm benachbarten Germanenstämmen ein friedliches Übereinkommen (Amm. 18,2,2; 13f.). PLRE 1, 444 (H.1). Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[English version] [1] Letzter vicarius urbi Romae 359 n.Chr. war der letzte vic. urbi Romae, stellvertretender praef. urbi Romae im Jahr 359 n.Chr. (Amm. 17,11,5; nach dem 25. 8.: CIL VI 32004). Portmann, Werner (Berlin) [English version] [2] Flavius A. Dux Aegypti 360 n.Chr. war Offizier arianischen Glaubens unter Constantius II. Als dux Aegypti ging er 360 n.Chr. gegen heidnische Kulte vor. 362 wurde er von Iulian u.a. wegen Beteiligung an der Ermordung des Gallus verurteilt und hingerichtet (Amm. 22,11,2ff.; Theod. hist. eccl. 3,18,1), später,…

[English version] Von 383-388 n. Chr. war A. mag. equitum des Usurpators Maximus. Er ermordete 383 Kaiser Gratian (Ambr. commentarius in psalmis 61,23-25; Zos. 4,35,6). 388 bereitete er die Verteidigung des Maximus gegen Theodosius I. vor und stellte sich selbst an die Spitze der Flotte in der Adria. Nach Theodosius' Sieg stürzte er sich ins Meer (Oros. 7,35; Zos. 4,46 f.). Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[English version] 364-373 n. Chr. comes Africae; er sollte die Stadt Leptis Magna vor Angriffen der Austorianer schützen (Amm. 28,6,1-6). Seine Amtsführung führte zu häufigen Klagen der Bevölkerung, doch wurde R. vom mit ihm verwandten magister officiorum Remigius am Hof unterstützt (Amm. 27,9,1 f.). 372 wurde durch R.' Verhalten der Maure Firmus [3] zur Usurpation getrieben. Bald darauf verlor R. sein Amt, wurde angeklagt (vgl. Zos. 4,16,3), jedoch mit Hilfe des Flavius Merobaudes [1] freigesprochen (Amm. 28,6,…

[English version] Flavius A., evtl. ein Gote, war ein hoher Militär christl. Glaubens. Er zeichnete sich 355 n. Chr. als stellvertretender Kommandeur einer Palastschola im Alamannenkrieg Constantius' II. aus (Amm. 15,4,10). Im Perserkrieg von 363 führte er als comes rei militaris die Reiterei des linken Flügels (Amm. 24,1,2). Nach dem Tod Iulianus' trat er für die Wahl eines christl. Kaisers ein (Amm. 25,5,2). Er befürwortete die Wahl Valentinians I. (Philostorg. hist. eccl. 8,8). Als magister peditum praesentalis (366-378) hatte er an fast allen Kriegen des Valens maßg…

[English version] Sohn des praef. praet. Galliarum Maximinus [3], durch dessen Einfluß er um 373 n.Chr. zum dux Valeriae ernannt wurde. Er beförderte einen von Valentinianus I. angeordneten Festungsbau auf dem Gebiet der Quadi. 374 ließ er deren König Gabinius [II 5] heimtückisch ermorden (Amm. 29,6,3-5; bei Zos. 4,16,4 lautet sein Name Celestius). PLRE 1, 543f. Nr. 2 und 190 (Celestius). Portmann, Werner (Berlin)

[English version] [1] Beamter unter Constantius [2] II. Consularis Syriae, comes Orientis, praefectus praetorio Galliarum Beamter unter Constantius [2] II. Consularis Syriae (vor 353 n.Chr.; Lib. epist. 251), comes Orientis (353-354; Amm. 14,1,3; 7,2; Lib. epist. 386), praefectus praetorio Galliarum (355/357; Lib. epist. 386 Foerster). Von 359-361 war er der erste praefectus urbis Constantinopolitanae (Chron. min. 1,239 Mommsen) und richtete in diesem Amt über die Ketzerei des Aetius (Soz. 4,23,3). PLRE 1, 438f. (H.2). Portmann, Werner (Berlin) [English version] [2] Soh…

Relatively rare Roman family name (for derivation: Varro, Rust. 2,1,10). [German version] [1] E., L. Represented himself as son of Ti. Sempronius Gracchus Adventurer of uncertain origins, who in 102 BC represented himself as the son of the people's tribune Ti.  Sempronius Gracchus, killed in 133. He was acknowledged neither by the censor, Q. Caecilius [I 30] Metellus Numidicus, nor by the sister of Gracchus. As a follower of L. Ap(p)uleius [I 11] Saturninus, in 100 he stood for the post of people's tribune for 99, but was himself killed during the unrest that led to the death of Appuleius. E…

[German version] [1] Rom. officer from Cappadocia, eyewitness of the Persian campaign of AD 363 According to Malalas (p. 332,9ff.) a Roman officer from Cappadocia, who recorded his eyewitness account of Julian's Persian campaign of AD 363 in an annalistic history (FHG 4,6). Both the character and his work may well be fictitious (cf. FGrH II B 226, p. 638f.). PLRE 1, 319 E. (39). Portmann, Werner (Berlin) [German version] [2] Praef. praet. AD 396/7 Praef. praet. ( Illyrici?) in AD 396/7.; praef. praet. Orientis between 397 and 399; II in 404/5; cos. in 398. His identification with Typhu…

(Ĕκδίκιος; Ekdíkios) [German version] [2] Son of the Emperor Avitus, 5th cent. AD Arvernian from a senator's family, son of the emperor  Avitus [1], brother-in-law of Sidonius Apollinaris, received an excellent education (in Clermont). Around AD 469, he was probably at the court of  Anthemius [2]; probably in 471 he organized the defence of Clermont against the Visigoths using his own means. During a famine in Burgundy in 473, he supplied the (suffering) population with food. In 474, Iulius Nepos awarded the patricius title to him for his achievements and probably made him a magister utr…

[German version] [1] Author of a Lat. historical work Author of a Latin historical work, which according to its dedication was written at the instruction of Emperor Valens. The text indicates that the author had taken part in Julian's Persian campaign (10,16,1). In the intitulatio of a MS, he is referred to as a magister memoriae. It is still questionable whether he is identical with another Eutropius of the 2nd half of the 4th cent., whose name appears in other sources: possibly he was proconsul Asiae in 371/2, praef. praet. Illyrici in 380-1, and consul posterior in 387. The historical …