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Mathematics

(6,466 words)

Author(s): Høyrup, Jens (Roskilde) | Folkerts, Menso (Munich)
Almost all we know about the mathematics of the pre-Greek cultures of the Ancient Near East, essentially Mesopotamian and Egyptian mathematics, originates from written sources. These are mainly from the scribal traditions, even though some sources give a glimpse of the mathematics of ‘lay’ practitioners. When scribes were concerned with the properties of mathematical objects, the purpose was always to calculate something. That is always true in professional practice, but it also holds for school texts, even when these deal with situations …

Mathematik

(5,058 words)

Author(s): Høyrup, Jens (Roskilde) | Folkerts, Menso (München)
[English version] I. Mesopotamien Die Existenz math. Könnens wird aus den ersten Schriftzeugnissen aus Uruk in den Urkunden einer komplexen Verwaltungsorganisation greifbar. Aus der Zeit um 2700 v.Chr. stammen außer den ersten lit. Texten auch Beispiele von nicht-praxisbezogenen math. Aufgaben, z.B. Divisionen von sehr großen runden Zahlen oder Maßen mit Divisoren, die mit der Struktur von Zahlensystem und Metrologie nicht harmonieren. Nicht-praxisbezogene Aufgaben finden sich auch unter den Texten …