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1. Establishment and constitutionJesuits is the abbreviated name for members of the  Societas Iesu (“Society of Jesus”), the largest, most important, and also the most controversial male order of the Roman Catholic Church in the early modern era.The Jesuits were established by the Basque nobleman Iñigo López de Loyola, who later went by the Latin version of his name, Ignatius. Originally a soldier, after being severely wounded in 1521 he changed his life’s direction and began a course of study that culminated in Paris with the degree of Master of Arts. He was already drawing crowds of followers at thi…

1. ConceptThe term chapel (Latin/Italian  cappella; German Kapelle) and its derivative office titles “Kapellmeister” (“chapel master”) and “chaplain” have their roots in Christian Western Europe. They underwent several significant shifts in meaning over a thousand-year terminological history, such that depending on period and context, chapel may refer either to an architectural object, a spiritual, intellectual, or administrative entity, or a musical one.The origins of the term can be traced back to the use in the 7th century of the Latin …

1. Gründung und VerfassungJ. ist die Kurzbezeichnung der Mitglieder der …

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