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Cosmopolitanism
(531 words)
[German Version] (“world citizenship”), first attested in the cynic Diogenes of Sinope, who, asked about his origins, described himself as
kosmopolitēs: citizen of the cosmos (from the Greek: κόσμος/
kósmos, “world,” and ¶ πολίτης/
polítēs, “citizen”; D. L. VI 63). Borrowed from the French
cosmopolite (Ger.
Weltbürger), it became a prog rammatic term of the Enlightenment in the 18th century, primarily through the work of C.M. Wieland. As a somewhat diffuse concept that requires a world-state or refers only to worldlines…
Source:
Religion Past and Present
Logos
(4,012 words)
[German Version] I. History of Religion – II. Fundamental Theology – III. Philosophy
I. History of Religion The Greek noun
logos (λόγος/
lógos), which is derived from the verb λέγειν/
légein, “to say, to speak,” designates the human faculty of speech and ability to reason, usually in combination, as well as numerous individual aspects such as: sentence, topic, oration, prose, teaching, judgment, cause, conclusion, and reason. In its earliest attestations
logos refers to an “oration,” whose deceptive effects are frequently emphasized (Hom.
Od. I 56) – thus in the personific…
Source:
Religion Past and Present
Nomos (Lex)
(618 words)
[German Version] The Greek noun νόμος/
nómos, derived from the verb νέμειν/
némein, “to pasture, allot”; probably originally an oxytone meaning “pasture” [Hom.
Il. 6.511]) denotes the norms prevailing within a group of living beings. Depending on its setting and claims,
nomos can mean custom, order, convention, or law (Law and legislation). The sense of a habitat is particularly evident in the plural (“conventions, customs” [Hes.
Theog. 66]). According to Hesiod (
Theog. 902),
nomos, the way of life given by Zeus, takes concrete form among humans as justice (δίκη/
díkē;
Works and Days 2…
Source:
Religion Past and Present