Search

[German version] Basque is not genetically related with any other language. It is close to Iberian in its phonology, but otherwise has few lexical and morphological similarities to it. Essentially, it has created its own forms. However, its vocabulary shows strong exterior influences. The oldest layers include words from the Alps, the Caucasus, and Northern Africa, as well as Indo-European and Celtic imports. The main body of loan words stems from Latin, such as gurutze ‘cross’, lege ‘law’, errota ‘mill’, kale ‘street’, ahate ‘duck’, pago ‘beech’. Additionally, we find Romanism…

(Δάρδανος; Dárdanos). [German version] [1] Son of Zeus Son of Zeus, who of all his mortal sons loved this one the most (Hom. Il. 20,215; 304), and either a mortal mother or the Atlantid Electra/Elektryone (Hes. fr. 177/80 MW; Hellanic. FGrH 4 F 23). Eponymous hero of the  Dardani, who lived on Mt Ida, and in Homer are linked with the Trojans and frequently synonymous with them. D. is the progenitor of the Trojan ruling dynasty. Possibly mentioned in the Ilioupersis, he originates from Arcadia, where he is supposed to have been born in a cave (Ilioupersis fr. 1 PEG I; Str. 8…

[German version] A language found on votive tablets from south-west France (2nd cent. AD) which, in addition to elements from Latin, contains traits of an older stratum that cannot be Celtic. J. Coromines has given it the name Sorothaptic, 'belonging to the urnfield culture', following the belief (which is also shared by others) that speakers of an Indo-European language had come to the Iberian Peninsula from the Balkans prior to the spread of Celtic culture in Western Europe. The term is thus to …

[German version] (Δολίονες; Dolíones). Thracian tribe on the southern coast of the Propontis (Str. 12,4,4), first mentioned by Hecataeus (FGrH 1 F 219) [1. 1283]. According to legend they migrated from Thessaly and under their King Cyzicus gave hospitality to the  Argonauts; through a misunderstanding the king was killed by Jason (Apoll. Rhod. 1,947-1077). The area settled by the D., Dolionis, was bounded by the river  Aesepus, Lake Dascylitis and the river Rhyndacus. Milesian settlers founded the …