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Rufus

(1,494 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Köln) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Simons, Roswitha (Düsseldorf)
Weitverbreitetes röm. Cogn. (“rothaarig”, “rotköpfig”, Quint. inst. 1,4,25). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [English version] [1] [- - -]us R. Proconsul von Pontus-Bithynia mit eindrucksvollem Ehrendenkmal in Rom Procos. von Pontus-Bithynia, wohl in der letzten Zeit der Republik oder den ersten J. des Augustus. Von mehr als sechs Städten der Prov. wurde ihm in Rom ein eindrucksvolles Ehrendenkmal errichtet (CIL VI 1508 = 41054; cf. IGUR 71). Eck, Werner (Köln) Bibliography W. Eck, CIL VI 1508 (Moretti IGUR 71) und die Gestaltung senatorischer Ehrenmonumente, in: Chi…

Palladios

(710 words)

Author(s): Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Savvidis, Kyriakos (Bochum) | Gatti, Paolo (Trient) | Touwaide, Alain (Madrid)
(Παλλάδιος). [English version] [1] griech. Rhetor, 4. Jh. Griech. Rhetor der 1. H. des 4. Jh.n.Chr. (Suda s.v. P. setzt die Blüte unter Constantinus [1] I. an) aus Methone (wahrscheinlich dem messenischen). Nach der Suda verfaßte er neben Deklamationen aller drei rhet. Genera ( genera dicendi ) auch eine antiquarische Schrift über die Feste der Römer (FGrH F 837). Ob P. mit einem der zahlreichen in den Briefen des Libanios erwähnten P. identisch ist und wenn ja mit welchem, läßt sich nicht klären; außer in der Suda w…

Lysias

(2,221 words)

Author(s): Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Beck, Hans (Cologne) | Mehl, Andreas (Halle/Saale) | Karttunen, Klaus (Helsinki) | Neudecker, Richard (Rome) | Et al.
(Λυσίας; Lysías). [German version] [1] Attic logographos, 5th/4th cent. BC Attic logographos , 459/8 or c. 445 to c. 380 BC Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) [German version] A. Life The main biographical facts can be gathered from L.'s speeches (esp. or. 12), from which the later vitae (Dion. Hal. de Lysia; Ps.-Plut. Mor. 835c ff.) and Byzantine learning (Phot. Bibl. 262; Suda s.v. L.) drew partly. Born probably around 445, L. left Athens at the age of 15 and together with his older brother Polemarchus settled in the Panhellenic colony o…

Eudemus

(1,447 words)

Author(s): Neudecker, Richard (Rome) | Gottschalk, Hans (Leeds) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Di Marco, Massimo (Fondi Latina) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald)
(Εὔδημος; Eúdemos). [German version] [1] Sculptor in Miletus, 1st half of the 6th cent. BC Sculptor in Miletus. He signed a male seated statue of the 1st half of the 6th cent. BC, one of the earliest  Branchidae of Didyma. Neudecker, Richard (Rome) Bibliography Fuchs/Floren, 373-375 Loewy, No. 3 K. Tuchelt, Die archaischen Skulpturen von Didyma, 1970, 77-78, 121. [German version] [2] of Cyprus Friend of Aristotle A friend of  Aristotle of about the same age, participated, as a follower of Dion [I 1], in the overthrow of Dionysius II and was killed in the fight…

Aeschines

(1,604 words)

Author(s): Döring, Klaus (Bamberg) | Engels, Johannes (Cologne) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Stanzel, Karl-Heinz (Tübingen) | Di Marco, Massimo (Fondi Latina)
(Αἰσχίνης; Aischínēs). [German version] [1] Student of Socrates From the Attic deme of Sphettus, son of Lysanias, student of Socrates. Born between 430/420 BC, died after 375/6 BC. A. was present during Socrates' trial and death (Pl. Ap. 33e; Phaed. 59b). A. is said to have been poor when he joined Socrates. In a speech by Lysias, he was accused of being a notorious debtor (Ath. 13,611d-612f). It remains unclear, whether A. indeed composed court speeches and delivered lectures for cash -- as claimed by …

Philinus

(600 words)

Author(s): Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Zimmermann, Bernhard (Freiburg) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Meister, Klaus (Berlin) | Et al.
(Φιλῖνος; Philînos). [German version] [1] Athenian politician Athenian. P. proposed absorbing all thetai (thetes) into the hoplites ( hoplítai ) (Antiph. fr. 61 from the speech Katà Philînou). In 420/419 BC, he attempted to prevent a case brought against him for the improper use of public funds by inciting one Philocrates to raise a charge of accidental killing against the accuser immediately before the trial. Once the charge was accepted, P.' accuser was no longer permitted to enter any protected places, including places of justice ( nómima) (Antiph. 6,12; 21; 35f.). Schmitz, Winfrie…

Xenocles

(633 words)

Author(s): Zimmermann, Bernhard (Freiburg) | Welwei, Karl-Wilhelm (Bochum) | Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) | Engels, Johannes (Cologne) | Günther, Linda-Marie (Munich) | Et al.
(Ξενοκλῆς; Xenoklês). [German version] [1] See Little-Master cups See Little-Master cups. Zimmermann, Bernhard (Freiburg) [German version] [2] Attic tragic poet, end of 5th cent. BC Attic tragic poet, end of the 5th cent. BC, son of Carcinus [3] (family tree: TrGF I 21, p. 129), frequently mocked in comedy (TrGF I 33 T 1-7); successful at the Dionysia in 415 (DID C 14) with Oedipus, Lycaon, Bacchae and the satyr play Athamas. There is evidence of the further titles Licymnius (one surviving verse, F 2) and possibly Myes (Μύες, Mice) (but cf. TrGF I 21 T 3 d-e). Zimmermann, Bernhard (Freiburg) …

Philinos

(563 words)

Author(s): Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Zimmermann, Bernhard (Freiburg) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Meister, Klaus (Berlin) | Et al.
(Φιλῖνος). [English version] [1] Athen. Politiker Athener. Ph. schlug vor, alle Theten unter die Hopliten ( hoplítai ) aufzunehmen (Antiph. fr. 61 aus der Rede Katá Philínu). 420/419 v.Chr. wollte er ein gegen ihn eingeleitetes Verfahren wegen Veruntreuung öffentl. Gelder verhindern, indem er unmittelbar vor dem Prozeß einen Philokrates dazu bewog, gegen den Ankläger wegen unabsichtlicher Tötung Klage zu erheben. Bei Annahme der Klage durfte der Ankläger des Ph. keine gehegten Stätten, auch keine Gerichtsstätten ( nómima) mehr betreten (Antiph. 6,12; 21; 35f.). Schmitz, Winfri…

Aischines

(1,530 words)

Author(s): Döring, Klaus (Bamberg) | Engels, Johannes (Köln) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Stanzel, Karl-Heinz (Tübingen) | Di Marco, Massimo (Fondi (Latina))
[English version] [1] Schüler des Sokrates, gest. nach 376/5 v. Chr. Aus dem att. Demos Sphettos, Sohn des Lysanias, Schüler des Sokrates.  430/420 v. Chr., gest. nach 375/6. A. war beim Prozeß und beim Tod des Sokrates zugegen (Plat. apol. 33e; Phaid. 59b). Er soll, als er sich Sokrates anschloß, arm gewesen sein. In einer Rede des Lysias wurde er als übler Schuldenmacher angeprangert (Athen. 13,611d-612f). Ob die in den Quellen zu lesende Behauptung, A. habe sich als Verf. von Gerichtsreden betätigt und…

Eudemos

(1,423 words)

Author(s): Neudecker, Richard (Rom) | Gottschalk, Hans (Leeds) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Di Marco, Massimo (Fondi (Latina)) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald)
(Εὔδημος). [English version] [1] Bildhauer in Milet, 1. H. 6. Jh. v. Chr. Bildhauer in Milet. Er signierte eine männliche Sitzstatue aus der 1. H. des 6. Jh. v.Chr., einer der frühesten Branchidai von Didyma. Neudecker, Richard (Rom) Bibliography Fuchs/Floren, 373-375 Loewy, Nr.3 K. Tuchelt, Die archa. Skulpturen von Didyma, 1970, 77-78, 121. [English version] [2] aus Zypern Freund des Aristoteles, 4. Jh. v. Chr. Etwa gleichaltriger Freund des Aristoteles, beteiligte sich als Anhänger Dions [I 1] an dem Sturz von Dionysios II. und fiel in den Kämpfen, die a…

Lysias

(1,983 words)

Author(s): Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Beck, Hans (Köln) | Mehl, Andreas (Halle/Saale) | Karttunen, Klaus (Helsinki) | Neudecker, Richard (Rom) | Et al.
(Λυσίας). [English version] [1] att. Logograph, 5./4. Jh. v. Chr. Attischer Logograph, 459/8 oder ca. 445 bis ca. 380 v.Chr. Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) [English version] A. Leben Die wesentlichen biographischen Fakten sind eigenen Reden des L. zu entnehmen (bes. or. 12), aus denen z.T. die späteren Viten (Dion. Hal. de Lysia; Ps.-Plut. mor. 835c ff.) und die byz. Gelehrsamkeit (Phot. bibl. 262; Suda s.v. L.) schöpfen. Geb. wohl um 445, siedelte L. im Alter von 15 J. zusammen mit seinem älteren Bruder Polemarchos i…

Dion

(2,219 words)

Author(s): Meister, Klaus (Berlin) | Ameling, Walter (Jena) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Kalcyk, Hansjörg (Petershausen) | Höcker, Christoph (Kissing) | Et al.
[German version] I. Persons (Δίων; Díōn) Meister, Klaus (Berlin) [German version] [I 1] Close friend of Plato and defender of his philosophy Son of Hipparinus, brother-in-law and son-in-law of Dionysius I of Syracuse, b. 409 BC, close friend of Plato and defender of his philosophy since Plato's first visit to Syracuse in 388. He gained prestige and wealth as Dionysius' I' trusted friend and advisor and also remained an influential person under Dionysius II. In 366, he arbitrated the peace with Carthage and called Pl…

Philiscus

(934 words)

Author(s): Hidber, Thomas (Berne) | Goulet-Cazé, Marie-Odile (Antony) | Meister, Klaus (Berlin) | Zimmermann, Bernhard (Freiburg) | Dorandi, Tiziano (Paris) | Et al.
(Φιλίσκος; Philískos). [German version] [1] Poet of Middle Comedy Poet of Middle Comedy, to whom the Suda attributes 7 play titles: Ἄδωνις (Á dōnis), Διὸς γοναί ( Diòs gonaí/ 'The Birth of Zeus'; Adespoton 1062 K.-A. is sometimes assigned to this play [4]), Θεμιστοκλῆς ( Themistoklês/ ' Themistocles'; title probably incorrectly included in the list [3. n. 37]), Ὄλυμπος ( Ólympos; ' Olympus'), Πανὸς γοναί ( Panòs gonaí; 'The Birth of Pan'), Ἑρμοῦ καὶ Ἀφροδίτης γοναί ( Hermoû kaì Aphrodítēs gonaí/ ' The Births of Hermes and Aphrodite'; possibly two plays [3. n. 24]), Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ Ἀ…

Menippus

(1,763 words)

Author(s): Will, Wolfgang (Bonn) | Günther, Linda-Marie (Munich) | Mehl, Andreas (Halle/Saale) | Baumbach, Manuel (Zürich) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Et al.
(Μένιππος; Ménippos). [German version] [1] According to Plutarch sub-commander of Pericles In Plut. Pericles 13,10 (cf. Plut Mor. 812d) mentioned as a friend and sub-commander of Pericles (probably between 443 and 430 BC). Like the latter, he was mocked in the comedies. It is uncertain if M. really was a strategos. Plutarch's term for him ( hypostratēgṓn) is the Greek equivalent of the Latin term legatus (Develin, 103). Aristoph. Av. 1294 mentions a M., whom the scholias identify as a horse dealer. Will, Wolfgang (Bonn) Bibliography PA 10033 Traill, PAA 646185 (vgl. 646190 und 646195). …

Zopyrus

(988 words)

Author(s): Wiesehöfer, Josef (Kiel) | Baumbach, Manuel (Zürich) | Heinze, Theodor (Geneva) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Meister, Klaus (Berlin) | Et al.
(Ζώπυρος; Zṓpyros). [German version] [1] Persian, took part in the capture of Babylon Prominent Persian, son of Megabyzus [1], who according to Hdt. 3,153ff. had the gates of rebelling Babylon opened to Darius [1] I by using a ruse (self-mutilation and pretending to be a victim of the Great King). For this deceptive manoeuvre (Polyaenus, Strat. 7,13; referring to King Cyrus: Frontin. Str. 3,3,4) Z. allegedly received from Darius the satrapy of Babylonia for life and tribute-free, but he was killed when the B…

Pamphilus

(1,304 words)

Author(s): Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) | Volkmann, Hans (Cologne) | Hoesch, Nicola (Munich) | Zimmermann, Bernhard (Freiburg) | Markschies, Christoph (Berlin) | Et al.
(Πάμφιλος; Pámphilos). [German version] [1] Athenian soldier, 4th cent. BC Athenian hípparchos and stratēgós. In 389 BC, he erected a permanent emplacement on Aegina and besieged the island, but had to be relieved after five months, himself besieged by the Spartan Gorgopas. Convicted of embezzlement and fined heavily at Athens, P. still owed the city five talents at his death after having sold his estates (Lys. 15,5; Xen. Hell. 5,1,2; Aristoph. Plut. 174; 385; Plat. fr. 14 PCG; Dem. Or. 39,2; 40,20 and 22). Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) Volkmann, Hans (Cologne) Bibliography Davies, 36…

Hierocles

(1,246 words)

Author(s): Engels, Johannes (Cologne) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Inwood, Brad (Toronto) | Franke, Thomas (Bochum) | Bleckmann, Bruno (Strasbourg) | Et al.
(Ἱεροκλῆς; Hieroklês). [German version] [1] Carian mercenary leader of the 3rd cent. BC Carian mercenary leader of the 3rd cent. BC. In 287/6 together with Heraclides he foiled the attempt of Athenian democrats to take the Piraeus and the Munychia (Polyaenus, Strat. 5,17). Under  Antigonus [2] Gonatas, H. held the position of a Macedonian phroúrarchos (‘commandant of a garrison’) in Piraeus and repeatedly was host to the king. He was a friend of the leader of the Academy, Arcesilaus [5] (Diog. Laert. 4,39f.) and acquainted with Menedemus (Diog. Laert. 2,127).  Demetrius [2] Engels, Joh…

Sabinus

(1,149 words)

Author(s): Nutton, Vivian (London) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Albiani, Maria Grazia (Bologna) | Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) | Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Et al.
[German version] A. Greek (Σαβῖνος; Sabînos) [German version] [1] Hippocratic physician and commentator on Hippocrates, 1st-2nd cent. AD Hippocratic physician and commentator on Hippocrates, who was active in the 1st to 2nd cent. AD. He was the teacher of Metrodorus [8] and Stratonicus, who in turn was the teacher of Galen; the latter regarded S. as a more careful and concise interpreter of Hippocrates [6] than his predecessors had been (CMG 5,10,2,1, p. 17, 329-330; 5,10,2,2, p. 510). S.' weakness lay mainly in …

Hermogenes

(2,256 words)

Author(s): Döring, Klaus (Bamberg) | Mehl, Andreas (Halle/Saale) | Knell, Heiner (Darmstadt) | Neudecker, Richard (Rome) | Hoesch, Nicola (Munich) | Et al.
(Ἑρμογένης; Hermogénēs). [German version] [1] Companion of Socrates Athenian, son of Hipponicus, brother of Callias, appears on many occasions in the Socratic writings of Plato and Xenophon as the companion of  Socrates. Together with the eponymous character, H. is the dialogue partner of Socrates in Plato's Cratylus. Döring, Klaus (Bamberg) Bibliography 1 SSR VI B 71-77 2 Davies, 269-270. [German version] [2] From Aspendus, assistant commander of Antiocus I H. from Aspendus. In the struggle of Antiochus [2] I (died in 261 BC) to regain territories in Asia Minor…

Athenaeus

(2,425 words)

Author(s): Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) | Mehl, Andreas (Halle/Saale) | Bowie, Ewen (Oxford) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Baatz, Dietwulf (Bad Homburg) | Et al.
(Ἀθηναῖος; Athēnaîos). [German version] [1] Lacedaemonian, contributed in 423 BC to the truce with Athens Lacedaemonian, son of Periclidas, contributed in 423 BC to the truce with Athens (Thuc. 4,119), which he officially announced to  Brasidas a little later together with the Athenian Aristonymus (Thuc. 4,122). Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) [German version] [2] Son of Attalus I of Pergamum, member of the 'Royal Council' A. was, as the youngest son of Attalus I of Pergamum, a member of the ‘Royal Council’; he is also documented as an agonothete (Alt. Perg. 8,3,…

Gaudentius

(730 words)

Author(s): Zaminer, Frieder (Berlin) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Portmann, Werner (Berlin) | Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin) | Uthemann, Karl-Heinz (Amsterdam) | Et al.
(Γαυδέντιος; Gaudéntios). [German version] [1] G. Philosophus Musician and philosopher Author of an introduction to harmony, Ἁρμονικὴ εἰσαγωγή ( Harmonikḕ eisagōgḗ) ─ probably written in line with Claudius Ptolemy's ─ translated into Latin by Cassiodorus' friend Mutianus (Cassiod. Inst. 2,5,142 Mynors). The incompletely preserved work (in 23 chapters) contains traditional teachings in a slightly modified form, especially from Aristoxenus and the Pythagoreans: voice, sound, interval, modes, composition (1-7), unison…

Diocles

(2,746 words)

Author(s): Bloch, René (Berne) | Meister, Klaus (Berlin) | Hidber, Thomas (Berne) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Folkerts, Menso (Munich) | Et al.
(Διοκλῆς; Dioklês). [German version] [1] Hero in Megara Hero in Megara. He supposedly died in battle, bravely covering a youth with his shield. At his grave boys competed for who could give the sweetest kiss. This agon, which took place every spring, was called Dioclea (Schol. Pind. Ol. 7,157; 13,156a; Theoc. 12,27-33 with Schol.: Aition). Perhaps the kisses represented farewell kisses repeated in the cult of the hero ([1]; to the contrary [2]). According to Schol. Aristoph. Ach.774 the agon was founded…

Artemidorus

(1,271 words)

Author(s): Karttunen, Klaus (Helsinki) | Di Marco, Massimo (Fondi Latina) | Brodersen, Kai (Mannheim) | Montanari, Franco (Pisa) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Et al.
(Ἀρτεμίδωρος; Artemídōros). [German version] [1] Indo-Greek King in 1st cent. BC. Coins are the only evidence of his existence, middle Indian Artemitora. Karttunen, Klaus (Helsinki) Bibliography Bopearachchi, 110, 316-318. [German version] [2] Elegiac poet Writer of elegies Περὶ Ἔρωτος in which, among others, the katasterismós of the dolphin was narrated. He had helped Poseidon win Amphitrite as his wife (Ps.-Eratosth. Catasterismus 31 S. 158 Robert, cf. schol. ad Germanicus, Aratea, S. 92,2ff. Breysig = SH 214). Even if this is only a hy…

Dioscorides

(1,511 words)

Author(s): Badian, Ernst (Cambridge, MA) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Degani, Enzo (Bologna) | Bäbler, Balbina (Göttingen) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Et al.
(Διοσκουρίδης; Dioskourídēs). [German version] [1] Son of Polemaeus, naval commander in 314-313 BC Son of Polemaeus, nephew of  Antigonus [1] Monophthalmus. Led the fleet to a few victories as naval commander in 314-13 BC. Nothing further is known about his life. Badian, Ernst (Cambridge, MA) Bibliography R. A. Billows, Antigonus the One-Eyed, 1990, 381f. [German version] [2] Polyhistor of the 4th and 3rd cents. BC Polyhistor of the 4th and 3rd cents. BC, pupil of Isocrates (Ath. 1,18,11 A). Of his works, the following titles are known (cf. FGrH 3 B 594): 1. Apomnēmoneúmata (‘Memorabil…

Lycurgus

(2,669 words)

Author(s): Heinze, Theodor (Geneva) | Visser, Edzard (Basle) | Hölkeskamp, Karl-Joachim (Cologne) | Stein-Hölkeskamp, Elke (Cologne) | Dreyer, Boris (Göttingen) | Et al.
(Λυκοῦργος/ Lykoûrgos, ep. Λυκόοργος/ Lykóorgos, Lat. Lucurgus, Lycurgus). [German version] [1] Son of Dryas Son of Dryas, in Nonnus also son of Ares (Nonnus, Dion. 20,149 et passim), opponent of Dionysus, who drives the latter's nurses over the unidentified Nysḗïon mountains ( Nysa) with the bouplḗx (‘ox beater’) and intimidates the mad god to such an extent that he dives into the sea to Thetis (Hom. Il. 6,128-140). While in Aeschylus' tetralogy Lykourgeía (TrGF 3 T 68: Ēdōnoí F 57-67, Bassárai/- rídes F 23-25, Neānískoi F 146-149, Lykoûrgos F 124-126) L. is king of the Thracian …

Palladius

(1,607 words)

Author(s): Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Savvidis, Kyriakos (Bochum) | Gatti, Paolo (Trento) | Touwaide, Alain (Madrid) | Ruffing, Kai (Münster) | Et al.
[German version] I Greek (Παλλάδιος; Palládios). [German version] [I 1] Greek rhetor, 4th cent. Greek rhetor of the first half of the 4th cent. AD (Suda s.v. P. gives his prime as under Constantinus [1] I) from Methone (probably the Messenian one). According to the Suda, in addition to declamations he wrote in all three rhetorical genres ( genera dicendi ) and also an antiquarian work on the festivals of the Romans (FGrH F 837). Whether P. is identical with one of the numerous Palladii mentioned in the letters of Libanius and if …

Theon

(2,323 words)

Author(s): Hoesch, Nicola (Munich) | Bäbler, Balbina (Göttingen) | Ameling, Walter (Jena) | Damschen, Gregor (Halle/Saale) | Folkerts, Menso (Munich) | Et al.
(Θέων; Théōn). [German version] [1] Greek painter from Samos, 300 BC and after T. of Samos was a Greek painter of the Hellenistic Period, who was active around and after 300 BC. His skill as a creator of images and the successful way in which his paintings were composed were praised in handbooks of rhetoric (e.g. Quint. Inst. 12,10,6) as examples to be followed. The viewer's creative imagination and intuitive understanding were meant to be stimulated at the same time by means of the artistic phantasía (Lat. ingenium, 'image creation'; Phantasia), so that the viewer might imagine e…

Philiskos

(870 words)

Author(s): Hidber, Thomas (Bern) | Goulet-Cazé, Marie-Odile (Antony) | Meister, Klaus (Berlin) | Zimmermann, Bernhard (Freiburg) | Dorandi, Tiziano (Paris) | Et al.
(Φιλίσκος). [English version] [1] Dichter der Mittleren Komödie Dichter der Mittleren Komödie, dem die Suda 7 Stücktitel zuweist: Ἄδωνις (‘Adonis), Διὸς γοναί (‘Die Geburt des Zeus; diesem Stück wird bisweilen das Adespoton 1062 K.-A. zugewiesen [4]), Θεμιστοκλῆς (‘Themistokles; dieser Titel ist wohl fälschlicherweise in die Liste gelangt [3. Anm. 37]), Ὄλυμπος (‘Der Olymp), Πανὸς γοναί (‘Die Geburt des Pan), Ἑρμοῦ καὶ Ἀφροδίτης γοναί (‘Die Geburt des Hermes und der Aphrodite; evtl. zwei Stücke [3. Anm. 24]), Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ Ἀπ…

Gaudentios/-us

(700 words)

Author(s): Zaminer, Frieder (Berlin) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Portmann, Werner (Berlin) | Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin) | Uthemann, Karl-Heinz (Amsterdam) | Et al.
(Γαυδέντιος). [English version] [1] G. Philosophos Musiker und Philosoph Autor einer Einführung in die Harmonik Ἁρμονικὴ εἰσαγωγή ( Harmonikḗ eisagōgḗ), die - wohl nach Klaudios Ptolemaios verfaßt - Cassiodorus' Freund Mutianus ins Lat. übersetzt hat (Cassiod. inst. 2,5,142 Mynors). Das unvollständig (in 23 Kap.) erh. Werk bietet traditionelles Lehrgut in z.T. leicht veränderter Form, bes. des Aristoxenos und der Pythagoreer: Stimme, Ton, Intervall, Tongeschlecht, System (1-7), Zusammenklänge, Konsonanzen, Zahlenv…

Hierokles

(1,185 words)

Author(s): Engels, Johannes (Köln) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Inwood, Brad (Toronto) | Franke, Thomas (Bochum) | Bleckmann, Bruno (Straßburg) | Et al.
(Ἱεροκλῆς). [English version] [1] Karischer Söldnerführer des 3. Jh. v. Chr. Karischer Söldnerführer des 3. Jh. v.Chr., vereitelte 287/6 mit Herakleides den Handstreich der athen. Demokraten auf den Peiraieus und die Munychia (Polyain. 5,17). Unter Antigonos [2] Gonatas hatte H. die Position eines maked. phrúrarchos (“Kommandant einer fest stationierten Truppe”) im Paeiraieus inne und war mehrfach Gastgeber des Königs. Er war mit dem damaligen Leiter der Akademie, Arkesilaos [5], befreundet (Diog. Laert. 4,39f.) und mit Menedemos bekannt (Diog. Laert. 2,127). Demetrios [2] E…

Pamphilos

(1,177 words)

Author(s): Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) | Volkmann, Hans (Köln) | Hoesch, Nicola (München) | Zimmermann, Bernhard (Freiburg) | Markschies, Christoph (Heidelberg) | Et al.
(Πάμφιλος). [English version] [1] Athen. Militär, 4. Jh. v. Chr. Athenischer hípparchos und stratēgós, errichtete 389 v.Chr. auf Aigina eine feste Stellung und belagerte die Insel, mußte aber nach fünf Monaten, selbst durch den Spartaner Gorgopas belagert, entsetzt werden. In Athen wegen Unterschlagung zu einer hohen Geldstrafe verurteilt, schuldete P. nach Verkauf seiner Güter bei seinem Tod dem Staat noch fünf Talente (Lys. 15,5; Xen. hell. 5,1,2; Aristoph. Plut. 174; 385; Plat. fr. 14 PCG; Demosth. or. 39,2; 40,20 und 22). Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) Volkmann, Hans (Köln) Bib…

Dion

(1,970 words)

Author(s): Meister, Klaus (Berlin) | Ameling, Walter (Jena) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Kalcyk, Hansjörg (Petershausen) | Errington, Robert Malcolm (Marburg/Lahn) | Et al.
[English version] I. Personen (Δίων) Meister, Klaus (Berlin) [English version] [I 1] Freund Platons, 4. Jh. v. Chr. Sohn des Hipparinos, Schwager und Schwiegersohn Dionysios' I. von Syrakus, * 409 v.Chr., seit Platons erstem Aufenthalt 388 in Syrakus dessen enger Freund und Verfechter seiner Philosophie. Unter Dionysios I. kam er als dessen Vertrauter und Ratgeber zu Ansehen und Reichtum und blieb auch unter Dionysios II. einflußreich. Er vermittelte 366 den Frieden mit Karthago und rief Platon nach Syrakus, um …

Athenaios

(2,265 words)

Author(s): Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) | Mehl, Andreas (Halle/Saale) | Bowie, Ewen (Oxford) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Baatz, Dietwulf (Bad Homburg) | Et al.
(Ἀθηναῖος). [English version] [1] Lakedaimonier, 423 v. Chr. am Waffenstillstand mit Athen beteiligt Lakedaimonier, Sohn des Perikleidas, war 423 v.Chr. am Waffenstillstand mit Athen beteiligt (Thuk. 4,119), den er wenig später zusammen mit dem Athener Aristonymos dem Brasidas offiziell verkündete (Thuk. 4,122). Meier, Mischa (Bielefeld) [English version] [2] Sohn Attalos' I. von Pergamon, Mitglied des Kronrates A. war als jüngster Sohn Attalos' I. von Pergamon Mitglied des “Kronrates”; auch als Agonothet ist er nachgewiesen (Alt. Perg. 8,3,3; OGIS 3…

Diokles

(2,629 words)

Author(s): Bloch, René (Princeton) | Meister, Klaus (Berlin) | Hidber, Thomas (Bern) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Folkerts, Menso (München) | Et al.
(Διοκλῆς). [English version] [1] Heros in Megara Heros in Megara. Er soll in einer Schlacht, einen Jüngling tapfer mit seinem Schild deckend, gefallen sein. An seinem Grab wetteiferten die Knaben, wer den süßesten Kuß geben konnte. Dieser jeweils im Frühling stattfindende Agon hieß Diokleia (schol. Pind. O. 7,157; 13,156a; Theokr. 12,27-33 mit schol.: Aition). Die Küsse stellten vielleicht im Heroenkult wiederholte Abschiedsküsse dar ([1]; dagegen [2]). Nach schol. Aristoph. Ach.774 war der Agon von Al…

Menippos

(1,637 words)

Author(s): Will, Wolfgang (Bonn) | Günther, Linda-Marie (München) | Mehl, Andreas (Halle/Saale) | Baumbach, Manuel (Heidelberg) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Et al.
(Μένιππος). [English version] [1] nach Plutarch Unterfeldherr des Perikles Bei Plut. Perikles 13,10 (vgl. Plut mor. 812d) als Freund und Unterfeldherr des Perikles erwähnt (wohl zw. 443 und 430 v.Chr.). Wie dieser war er Zielscheibe des Komödienspotts. Ob M. tatsächlich als Stratege tätig war, ist ungewiß. Plutarchs Bezeichung für ihn ( hypostratēgṓn) ist die griech. Entsprechung zum lat. Begriff legatus (Develin, 103). Aristoph. Av. 1294 erwähnt einen M., den die Scholien als Pferdehändler identifizieren. Will, Wolfgang (Bonn) Bibliography PA 10033  Traill, PAA 646185 (vgl…

Dioskurides

(1,368 words)

Author(s): Badian, Ernst (Cambridge, MA) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Degani, Enzo (Bologna) | Bäbler, Balbina (Göttingen) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Et al.
(Διοσκουρίδης). [English version] [1] Sohn von Polemaios, Flottenkommandeur 314-313 v. Chr. Sohn von Polemaios, Neffe von Antigonos [1] Monophthalmos. Als Flottenkommandeur 314-13 v.Chr. erzielte er einige Erfolge. Sein weiteres Schicksal ist unbekannt. Badian, Ernst (Cambridge, MA) Bibliography R.A. Billows, Antigonus the One-Eyed, 1990, 381f. [English version] [2] Polyhistor, 4. und 3. Jh. v. Chr. Polyhistor des 4. und 3. Jh.v.Chr., Schüler des Isokrates (Athen. 1,18,11 A). Von seinen Werken kennen wir folgende Titel (vgl. FGrH 3 B 594): 1. Apomnēmoneúmata (‘Denkwürdigke…

Antipatros

(1,889 words)

Author(s): Badian, Ernst (Cambridge, MA) | Bringmann, Klaus (Frankfurt/Main) | Döring, Klaus (Bamberg) | Mehl, Andreas (Halle/Saale) | Degani, Enzo (Bologna) | Et al.
[English version] [1] Makedon. Reichsverweser (320-319 v. Chr.) Sohn des Iolaos,  399/8 v. Chr., unter Philippos und wohl schon unter dessen Vater Amyntas und Brüdern mil. und diplomatisch aktiv. Er war Alexandros [4] bes. verbunden und sicherte ihm nach Philippos' Ermordung den Thron. Bei Alexandros' Invasion in Asien blieb er mit der Hälfte des maked. Heeres als Statthalter von Europa zurück. Er überwachte Griechenland und sandte während des ersten Jahres des Feldzugs dem König Söldner und maked. Auf…

Hermogenes

(2,042 words)

Author(s): Döring, Klaus (Bamberg) | Mehl, Andreas (Halle/Saale) | Knell, Heiner (Darmstadt) | Neudecker, Richard (Rom) | Hoesch, Nicola (München) | Et al.
(Ἑρμογένης). [English version] [1] Gefährte des Sokrates Athener, Sohn des Hipponikos, Bruder des Kallias, tritt in den sokratischen Schriften Platons und Xenophons mehrfach als Gefährte des Sokrates in Erscheinung. Zusammen mit der Titelgestalt ist H. Gesprächspartner des Sokrates in Platons Kratylos. Döring, Klaus (Bamberg) Bibliography 1 SSR VI B 71-77 2 Davies, 269-270. [English version] [2] aus Aspendos, Unterfeldherr Antiochos' I. H. aus Aspendos, zog im Kampf des Antiochos [2] I. (gest. 261 v.Chr.) nach der Ermordung von dessen Vater Seleukos I. z…

Lykurgos

(2,476 words)

Author(s): Heinze, Theodor (Genf) | Visser, Edzard (Basel) | Hölkeskamp, Karl-Joachim (Köln) | Stein-Hölkeskamp, Elke (Köln) | Dreyer, Boris (Göttingen) | Et al.
(Λυκοῦργος, ep. Λυκόοργος, lat. Lucurgus, Lycurgus). [English version] [1] Sohn des Dryas Sohn des Dryas, bei Nonnos zugleich Sohn des Ares (Nonn. Dion. 20,149 u.ö.), Gegenspieler des Dionysos, der dessen Ammen mit dem buplḗx (“Ochsenschläger”) über das nicht lokalisierte Nysḗïon-Gebirge (Nysa) treibt und den rasenden Gott selbst so sehr einschüchtert, daß er zu Thetis ins Meer taucht (Hom. Il. 6,128-140). Während L. in Aischylos' Tetralogie Lykurgeía (TrGF 3 T 68: Ēdōnoí F 57-67, Bassárai/- rídes F 23-25, Neānískoi F 146-149, Lykúrgos F 124-126) König der thrak. Edonoi ist…

Artemidoros

(1,221 words)

Author(s): Karttunen, Klaus (Helsinki) | Di Marco, Massimo (Fondi (Latina)) | Brodersen, Kai (Mannheim) | Montanari, Franco (Pisa) | Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Et al.
(Ἀρτεμίδωρος). [English version] [1] indogriech. König im 1. Jh. v. Chr. Indogriech. König im 1.Jh. v.Chr., nur durch seine Münzen belegt, mittelindisch Artemitora. Karttunen, Klaus (Helsinki) Bibliography Bopearachchi, 110, 316-318. [English version] [2] Elegiker Verfasser von Elegien Περὶ Ἔρωτος, in denen unter anderem von dem katasterismós des Delphins erzählt wurde, der Poseidon geholfen hatte, Amphitrite zu seiner Frau zu machen (Ps.-Eratosth. catasterismus 31 S. 158 Robert, vgl. schol. ad Germanicus, Aratea, S. 92,2ff. Breysig = SH 2…

Sulpicius

(5,409 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Schmitt, Tassilo (Bielefeld) | Müller, Christian (Bochum) | Schmidt, Peter Lebrecht | Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) | Et al.
Name of a Roman patrician family, probably originally from Cameria (hence the cognomen Camerinus); documented in the fasti from c. 500 BC. The otherwise rare praenomen Servius appears comparatively frequently and at times is even used in place of the nomen gentile (Tac. Hist. 2,48; Plut. Galba 3,1). The number of cognomina within the gens is high, but it has been impossible to identify clear branches. The link between the S. from the 3rd to the 2nd and 1st cent. BC is unclear. In the 2nd cent. BC, the most important branch of the family was that of…

Marcellus

(1,746 words)

Author(s): Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) | Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) | Schmidt, Peter L. (Constance) | Rist, Josef (Würzburg) | Markschies, Christoph (Berlin) | Et al.
[German version] I. Greek (Μαρκέλλος; Markéllos). [German version] [I 1] From Pergamum, orator, 2nd cent. AD, [1] Rhetor from Pergamum known solely from a brief reference in the Suda; he is said to have written a book (or several books) entitled Ἀδριανὸς ἢ περὶ βασιλείας/ Adrianòs ḕ perì basileías (‘Hadrian, or On Monarchy’). He would thus have lived in the first half of the 2nd cent.; whether Dio's [I 3] speeches perì basileías, addressed to Trajan, served as a model is uncertain. Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) [German version] [I 2] From Side, physician and poet, 2nd cent. AD M. from …

Antipater

(2,083 words)

Author(s): Badian, Ernst (Cambridge, MA) | Bringmann, Klaus (Frankfurt/Main) | Döring, Klaus (Bamberg) | Mehl, Andreas (Halle/Saale) | Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Et al.
[German version] [1] Macedonian commander (320-319 BC) Son of Iolaus,  399/398 BC, was certainly already active militarily and diplomatically under  Philippus and under his father  Amyntas and brothers. He was especially connected with  Alexander [4] and secured his throne after the murder of Philippus. During Alexander's invasion in Asia he remained with half of the Macedonian army as governor of Europe. He monitored Greece and sent mercenaries and Macedonian contingents during the first year of the …

Menander

(3,637 words)

Author(s): Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) | Badian, Ernst (Cambridge, MA) | Nesselrath, Heinz-Günther (Göttingen) | Meister, Klaus (Berlin) | Karttunen, Klaus (Helsinki) | Et al.
(Μένανδρος; Ménandros). [German version] [1] Joint strategos with Nicias, 414 BC The Athenians M. and Euthydemus [1], who were already in Sicily, were chosen as joint strategoi of Nicias towards the end of 414 BC, during the Sicilian Expedition, to support him until the relief expedition of Demosthenes [1] arrived (413) (Thucyd. 7,16,1; Plut. Nicias 20,2); re-elected 413/12 (Plut. Nicias 20,6-8; Thucyd. 7,69,4; Diod. 13, 13,2). Possibly identical with the M. who fought in Abydus in 409 (Xen. Hell. 1,2,16). He was stratēgós with Tydeus (405/4) in the defeat at Aigos potamoi (X…

Caecilius

(6,633 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Will, Wolfgang (Bonn) | Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Giaro, Tomasz (Frankfurt/Main) | Schmidt, Peter L. (Constance) | Et al.
Name of a plebeian gens (probably derived from Caeculus, older form is Caicilios, Greek Καικίλιος, Κεκίλιος [ Kaikílios, Kekílios]; ThlL, Onom. 12-14), whose existence is documented since the 5th cent. (since C. [I 1]), but who only gained importance in the 2nd cent.; their most famous branch were the C. Metelli (I 10-32). A later explanation related the name back to Caeculus, the legendary founder of Praeneste, or Caecas, a companion of Aeneas (Fest. p. 38). I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] C., Q. Supposedly people's tribune in 439 BC Supposedly people's tribune in 439 BC …

Zeno

(6,572 words)

Author(s): Bodnár, István (Budapest) | Inwood, Brad (Toronto) | Ameling, Walter (Jena) | Ameling | Meister, Klaus (Berlin) | Et al.
(Ζήνων/ Zḗnōn.) [German version] [1] Z. of Elea Eleatic philosopher, 5th cent. BC (Son of Teleutagoras). Eleatic philosopher of the 5th cent. BC; a pupil and intimate friend of Parmenides who became famous for his paradoxes. According to the Suda (29 A 2 DK), Z. wrote many books; but his Λόγοι ( Lógoi, 'Arguments', 40 according to Proclus, 29 A 15 DK) probably belonged to a single book, the one he read aloud to his closest circles in Athens (cf. Pl. Prm. 127c-d). In the lost dialogue Sophistes, Aristotle (Aristoteles [6]) declares Z. to have been the 'inventor' ( protos heuretes

Apollonius

(7,446 words)

Author(s): Ameling, Walter (Jena) | Fantuzzi, Marco (Florence) | Hunter, Richard (Cambridge) | Pressler, Frank (Heidelberg) | Hidber, Thomas (Berne) | Et al.
(Ἀπολλώνιος; Apollṓnnios). [German version] [1] Dioiketes of Ptolemy II (259-245 BC) Of Caria, possibly Ptolemaic o ikonomos there in 267 BC. Was dioiketes of Ptolemy II from April /May 259 until the end of 245; in 252 escorted Berenice to her wedding to Antiochus II. At a critical transition period A. found himself responsible for the economy of the kingdom of the Ptolemies, adapting the fiscal system to the monetary economy of the Lagids, for which purpose he was entrusted with the management of finances and the co…

Apollodoros

(2,959 words)

Author(s): Engels, Johannes (Köln) | Ameling, Walter (Jena) | Pressler, Frank (Heidelberg) | Nesselrath, Heinz-Günther (Göttingen) | Montanari, Franco (Pisa) | Et al.
(Ἀπολλόδωρος). Politisch tätige Personen [English version] [1] Athen. Politiker (4. Jh. v. Chr.) Sohn des Pasion aus Acharnai, athenischer Rhetor und Anhänger des Demosthenes (394/93, † nach 343 v. Chr.). A. gehörte nach 370 zu den reichsten Bürgern Athens, leistete aufwendige Trierarchie-Leiturgien (vgl. IG II2 1609,83 und 89; IG II2 1612, b110; Demosth. or. 50,4-10; 40 und 58) und errang 352/51 einen Sieg als Choregos (IG II2 3039,2). Dennoch gelang es ihm nur begrenzt, eine seinem Vermögen entsprechende polit. Stellung zu erringen. Zw. 370 und 350 v. Chr.…

Apollonios

(7,226 words)

Author(s): Ameling, Walter (Jena) | Hunter, Richard (Cambridge) | Fantuzzi, Marco (Florenz) | Pressler, Frank (Heidelberg) | Hidber, Thomas (Bern) | Et al.
(Ἀπολλώνιος). [English version] [1] Dioiket Ptolemaios' II. (259-245 v. Chr.) aus Karien (dann vielleicht 267 v. Chr. dort als ptolemäischer Oikonomos?), Dioiket Ptolemaios' II., April /Mai 259 - Ende 245; begleitete 252 Berenike zur Hochzeit mit Antiochos II. A. war in einer wichtigen Umbruchphase verantwortlich für die Wirtschaft des ptolemäischen Königreiches: es ging um Anpassung des Steuersystems an die monetäre Ökonomie der Lagiden; er hatte daher Kompetenzen im Finanz- und Münzwesen, in Steuer- und…

Caecilius

(6,027 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Will, Wolfgang (Bonn) | Eck, Werner (Köln) | Giaro, Tomasz (Frankfurt/Main) | Schmidt, Peter L. (Konstanz) | Et al.
Name einer plebeischen gens (wohl abgeleitet von Caeculus, ältere Form Caicilios, griech. Καικίλιος, Κεκίλιος; ThlL, Onom. 12-14), die angeblich bereits seit dem 5.Jh. bezeugt ist (seit C. [I 1]), aber erst seit dem 2.Jh. Bedeutung erlangte; ihr berühmtester Zweig waren die C. Metelli (I 10-32). Eine späte Konstruktion führte den Namen auf Caeculus, den sagenhaften Gründer von Praeneste, oder Caecas, einen Gefährten des Aeneas, zurück (Fest. p. 38). I. Republikanische Zeit [English version] [I 1] C., Q. angeblich Volkstribun 439 v.Chr. angeblich Volkstribun 439 v.Chr. und A…

Menandros

(3,190 words)

Author(s): Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) | Badian, Ernst (Cambridge, MA) | Nesselrath, Heinz-Günther (Göttingen) | Meister, Klaus (Berlin) | Karttunen, Klaus (Helsinki) | Et al.
(Μένανδρος). [English version] [1] Mitstratege des Nikias, 414 v.Chr. Die Athener M. und Euthydemos [1], die sich bereits in Sizilien befanden, wurden gegen E. 414 v.Chr. während der “Sizilischen Expedition” zu Mitstrategen des Nikias gewählt, um ihn bis zur Ankunft der Hilfsexpedition des Demosthenes [1] (413) zu unterstützen (Thuk. 7,16,1; Plut. Nikias 20,2); wiedergewählt 413/12 (Plut. Nikias 20,6-8; Thuk. 7,69,4; Diod. 13, 13,2). Vielleicht identisch mit dem M., der 409 in Abydos kämpfte (Xen. hell. 1,2,16). Mit Tydeus stratēgós (405/4) bei der Niederlage von Aigos p…

Iulianus

(4,648 words)

Author(s): Giaro, Tomasz (Frankfurt/Main) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Franke, Thomas (Bochum) | Johnston, Sarah Iles (Princeton) | Montanari, Franco (Pisa) | Et al.
Epithet of many gentilicia [1]. Famous persons: the jurist Salvius I. [1]; the doctor I. [2]; the emperor I. [11], called ‘Apostata’; the bishops I. [16] of Aeclanum and I. [21] of Toledo. [German version] [1] L. Octavius Cornelius P. Salvius I. Aemilianus Roman jurist, 2nd cent. AD Jurist, born about AD 100 in North Africa, died about AD 170; he was a student of  Iavolenus [2] Priscus (Dig. 40,2,5) and the last head of the Sabinian law school (Dig. 1,2,2,53). I., whose succession of offices is preserved in the inscription from Pupput, provi…

Apollodorus

(3,070 words)

Author(s): Engels, Johannes (Cologne) | Ameling, Walter (Jena) | Pressler, Frank (Heidelberg) | Nesselrath, Heinz-Günther (Göttingen) | Montanari, Franco (Pisa) | Et al.
(Ἀπολλόδωρος; Apollódōros). Political figures [German version] [1] Athenian politician (4th cent. BC) Son of  Pasion of Acharnae, Athenian rhetor and supporter of Demosthenes (394/93, died after 343 BC). A. was one of the richest Athenian citizens after 370. He undertook costly trierarchy liturgies (cf. IG II2 1609,83 and 89; IG II2 1612, b110; Dem. Or. 50,4-10; 40 and 58) and in 352/51 gained a victory as   choregos (IG II2 3039,2) but had only limited success in obtaining a political post commensurate with his wealth. From 370 to 350 BC he indulged in litigat…

Iulianus/-os

(4,346 words)

Author(s): Giaro, Tomasz (Frankfurt/Main) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Franke, Thomas (Bochum) | Johnston, Sarah Iles (Princeton) | Montanari, Franco (Pisa) | Et al.
Beinamen bei vielen Gentilicia [1]. Bekannte Personen: der Jurist Salvius I. [1], der Arzt I. [2], der Kaiser I. [11], gen. “Apostata”, die Bischöfe I. [16] von Aeclanum und I. [21] von Toledo. [English version] [1] L. Octavius Cornelius P. Salvius I. Aemilianus röm. Jurist, 2. Jh. Jurist, geb. um 100 n.Chr. in Nordafrika, gest. um 170 n.Chr., war ein Schüler des Iavolenus [2] Priscus (Dig. 40,2,5) und der letzte Vorsteher der sabinianischen Rechtsschule (Dig. 1,2,2,53). I., dessen Ämterfolge die Inschr. aus Pupput/Prov. Africa (CIL VIII 24…

Theodorus

(7,286 words)

Author(s): Knell, Heiner (Darmstadt) | Folkerts, Menso (Munich) | Baumhauer, Otto A. (Bremen) | Schmitz, Winfried (Bielefeld) | Blume, Horst-Dieter (Münster) | Et al.
[German version] I Greek (Θεόδωρος; Theódōros). [German version] [I 1] Of Samos, Greek architect, bronze sculptor and inventor, Archaic period Multitalented Greek inventor, architect, bronze sculptor and metal worker ( toreutḗs; Toreutics) of the Archaic period from Samos (for the occupational image cf. architect). His father was Telecles (Hdt. 3,41; Paus. 8,14,8; 10,38,6) or according to other sources (Diog. Laert. 2,103; Diod. Sic. 1,98) Rhoecus [3]; his name is so frequently mentioned in conjunction with the latter that …
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