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Nyctimus

(91 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Νύκτιμος; Nýktimos). One of the 50 sons of Lycaon, either the oldest, who legitimately assumed sovereignty over Arcadia following the death of his father (Paus. 8,3,1; 5), or the youngest, who because of Gaia's intervention was the only one to be spared punishment by Zeus after the sacrilege of Lycaon and his sons (Fairy tale) and became king himself at the time of Deucalion's flood (Apollod. 3,96-99). According to another version N. himself was slaughtered (Lycophr. 481; Clem. Al. Protreptikos 2,36,5; Nonn. Dion. 18,20-24). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Oeax

(144 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Οἴαξ/ Oiax, Latin Oeax, 'helm'). Son of Nauplius [1] and Clymene [5] (also Philyra or Hesione [2]: Apollod. 2,23), brother of Palamedes and Nausimedon (Apollod. 2,23; 3,15; schol. Eur. Or. 432; Dictys 1,1). Marched with Palamedes to Troy (Philostr. Heroicus 10,10, p. 183 Kayser), where, after the stoning of Palamedes, he etched an account of his brother's fate onto the blades of a rudder and threw them into the sea (schol. Aristoph. Thesm. 771, following Eur. Palamedes); Suda s.v. Π…

Mopsopus

(51 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Μόψοπος/ Mόpsopos, also Μόψοψ/ Mόpsops or Μόψος/ Mόpsos). Presumably Attic king or hero. Name conjectured from Mopsopia, the old name for Attica (Lycophr. 733, 1340; Call. fr. 709; Strab. 9,1,18; 9,5,22; Anth. Pal. 7,614,8; Tib. 1,7,54; Ov. Met. 5,661; 6,423; Ov. Epist. 8,72; Sen. Phaedr. 121; 1276). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Pandia

(121 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Πανδία/ Pandía, also: Πανδεία/ Pandeía, Πανδείη/ Pandeíē). Daughter of Zeus and Selene (Hom. h. 32,14-16; Hyg. fab. praef. 28; in this sense probably also Phot. s.v. Πάνδια/ Pándia and EM s.v. Πάνδεια/ Pándeia). According to other sources (Orph. fr. 280,8; Maximos, Perì katarchôn 123, 146, 326; schol. Dem. Or. 21,9,39a-d) an epithet (Πάνδια/ Pándia, Πάντια/ Pántia) of Selene (cf. [3. 62]). The Attic festival of the same name can, contrary to the widespread view in (late?) Antiquity (cf. schol.Dem. Or. 21, 9, 39a; Phot. l.c.; EM l.c.)…

Pittheus

(302 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Πιτθεύς/ Pittheús, name probably derived from πειθώ/ peithṓ [1], therefore something like 'good adviser' [3], cf. [2]). P. was perhaps originally an ancient oracular deity, according to the sources the son of Pelops and Hippodamia [1], a brother of Atreus and Thyestes (Eur. Med. 684; Eur. Heracl. 207; Apollod. Epit. 2,10; Schol. Eur. Or. 5; Ov. Met. 8,622f.), father of Aethra (Hom. Il. 3,144; Eur. Heracl. 207f.; Eur. Supp. 4-7; Bacchyl. 17,34; Hyg. Fab. 14,5 and elsewhere) and Henioche …

Thaumas

(89 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Θαύμας/ Thaúmas). Son of Pontus [1] and Gaia (or Tethys: Orph. Fr. 117), brother of Nereus, Phorcys [1], Ceto and Eurybia (Hes. Theog. 237 f.; Apollod. 1,10); with Electra [1] (Ozomene: Hyg. Fab. 14,18) father of the Harpies and Iris [1] (Hes. Theog. 265-267; 780; Verg. Aen. 9,5; Ov. Met 4,480 et passim; on the interpretation of the genealogy see Pl. Tht. 155d; Cic. Nat. D. 3,20,51). T. is also named as the father of the river Hydaspes (Nonn. Dion. 26,358-365) and of Arce (Ptol. Chennos 6,6, p. 39 Chatzis). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Xanthius

(113 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Ξάνθιος/ Xánthios). [German version] [1] Father of Leucippus from the Bellerophontes family Father of Leucippus [3] from the Bellerophontes family. When his daughter's fiancé tells him that she has had a relationship with another man, in an attempt to apprehend the stranger, he - unaware that the culprit is his own son - unintentionally wounds his daughter, before inadvertently being killed by his own son (Parthenius, Narrationes amatoriae 5,1-5 according to Hermesianax). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] Boeotian king Boeotian king, killed in a single combat by Me…

Rhexenor

(115 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Ῥηξήνωρ/ Rhēxḗnōr). [German version] [1] Brother of Alcinous and father of Arete, Alcinous's wife Son of Nausithous [1], brother of Alcinous [1]. He dies shortly after his wedding, leaving as his only child his daughter Arete [1], the later wife of Alcinous (Hom. Od. 7,63-66; 146; Schol. Hom. Od. 7,56; Eust. ad Hom. Od. 7,63-65). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] Father of Chalciope [1], the second wife of Aegeus Father of Chalciope [1], the second wife of Aegeus (Apollod. 3,207; Tzetz. Ad Lycophr. 494; Phanodemus FGrH 325 F 5). Alternatively, Chalcodon (…

Thespiades

(154 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Θεσπιάδες/ Thespiádes). [German version] [1] Epithet of the Muses from the town of Thespiae Epithet of the Muses after the town of Thespiae (Thespia) on the Helicon [1] (Varro Ling. 7,20; Ov. Met. 5,310; Fulg. Mythologiae 1,11, p. 7,5-8 Helm). T. statues are mentioned by several artists (Cic. Verr. 2,4,2,4; Plin. HN 34,66; 34,69; 36,33; 36,39). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 P. Müller, s. v. T., LIMC 8.1, 1 (with bibliogr.) [German version] [2] The fifty daughters of Thespis The fifty (according to Hyg. Fab. 162: twelve) daughters of Thespis (or Thespius), the…

Molossus

(57 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Μολοσσός/ Molossós). Son of Neoptolemus [1] and Andromache (unnamed in Eur. Andr.). In Pausanias (1,11,1f.) brother of Pielus and Pergamus, stepbrother of Cestrinus. Eponym of the Molossi and forebear of the Molossian dynasty (Eratosth. in schol. Hom. Od. 3,188; cf. Pind. Nem. 7,38-40 and schol. Pind. Nem. 7,56a-b; Serv. Aen. 3,297). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Noemon

(104 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Νοήμων/ Noḗmōn). [German version] [1] Lycian, follower of Sarpedon at Troy Lycian, follower of Sarpedon at Troy, killed by Odysseus (Hom. Il. 5,678; Ov. Met. 13,258). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] Pylian, companion of Antilochus at Troy Pylian, companion of Antilochus at Troy (Hom. Il. 23,612). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [3] Ithacian Ithacian, son of Phronius, who upon Athena's request lent a ship to Telemachus for his journey to Pylus (Hom. Od. 2,386f.). When he later needed the ship himself, he asked Antinous [1] about Te…

Odius

(96 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Ὀδίος/ Odíos, auch Ὁδίος/ Hodíos). [German version] [1] Herald of the Greeks at Troy Herald of the Greeks at Troy (Hom. Il. 9,170; of the Telamonian Ajax [1]: schol. Hom. Il. 2,96). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] Leader of the Halizons at Troy Together with Epistrophus (in Dictys 2,35 both are sons of Minuus) leader before Troy of the Halizons from the Bithynian Alybe (Hom. Il. 2,856f.; Str. 12,3,20ff.; Apollod. Epit. 3,35), fought on the Trojans' side and was killed by Agamemnon (Hom. Il. 5,38-42). On the name: Arr. FGrH 156 F 98. Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Zelos

(66 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Ζῆλος; Zêlos). Personification of zeal; son of Pallas and Styx. He and his siblings, Nike, Kratos and Bia, are constant companions of Zeus (Hes. Theog. 383-388), and his aides in the fight against the Titans (Apollod. 1,9). He is later equated with Zelotypia ('Jealousy': Orph. Fr. 127; Meleager Anth. Gr. 5,190; Hyg. Fab. praef. 17: Invidia; Hes. Op. 195 f.). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Schoeneus

(241 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Σχοινεύς/ Schoineús, Latin Schoeneus;  cf. σχοῖνος/ schoînos, 'rush'). [German version] [1] Son of Athamas and Themisto Son of Athamas and Themisto, the daughter of Hypseus; brother of Leucon [1], Erythrius and Ptous/Ptoeus (Herodorus FGrH 31 F 38; Apollod. 1,84; Nonnus, Dion. 9,312-321; Tzetz. Ad Lykophr. 22, some with variant names). Father of both the Boeotian Atalante and the Arcadian one (Hes. fr. 72,9 f.; 75,12-15; 76,9 M.-W.; Apollod. 1,68; 1,112; 3,109; Hyg. Fab. 173; 185; 244; Ov. Met. 10,609; 10,660 et passim) and of Clymenus [6] (Hyg. Fab. 206; 238; 242; 246). …

Setaea

(121 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Σήταια; Sḗtaia). One of the Greeks' Trojan prisoners of war after the capture of Troy. On Mount Sybaris, fearing threatening servitude, she persuades the women captured with her to set fire to the Greek fleet. As punishment she is shackled to a cliff for vultures to feed on (Lycophr. 1075-1082; Tzetz. Ad Lycoph. 921; 1075-1081). The place takes it name, Setaeum, from her (Steph. Byz. s. v. Σηταῖον; EM s. v. Σηταῖον). According to Apollodorus (Epit. 6,15c = Tzetz. Ad Lycoph. 921) t…

Sous

(103 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Σόος/ Sóos). Member of the Spartan royal house of the Eurypontids. Not yet mentioned in Herodotus (7,204; 8,131), but included as son of Procles [1] and father of Eurypon in ruler lists in more recent sources (Plut. Lycurgus 1,40a-2,40c; Paus. 3,7,1; Phlegon FGrH 257 F 1,2). It may be possible to trace this mythical figure back to a historical person, since it is to S.'s reign that e.g. the enslaving of the Helots is ascribed (Plut. loc.cit.), and Plato (Crat. 412b) is familiar with a respected Spartan with the name Σοῦς/ Soûs (contracted form of Sóos). Lycurgus [4] Antoni, S…

Styx

(305 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Στύξ/ Stýx). From Homer (Hom. Il. 2,755; 14,271; 15,36-38 et passim), who exclusively uses the phrase Στυγὸς ὕδωρ/ Stygòs hýdōr ('Water of Horror'), onwards a river (in Pl. Phd. 113c: lake) in the Underworld and besides Gaia and Uranus the most important of the gods' witnesses to oaths. It appears for the first time in Hes. Theog. 361; 383-403; 775-806 as a mythical figure. The S. is the earliest of the Oceanids and the mother with Pallas of Zelus, Nike, Cratus and Bia and, according to Epimenides …

Otreus

(128 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Ὀτρεύς; Otreús). [German version] [1] Son of Dymas Son of Dymas [1], brother of Hecabe, brother-in-law of Priamus. King of Phrygia (Hesych. s.v. Ο.), eponym of the Bithynian town of Otroia (Strab. 12,4,7). Together with Mygdon [2] and with Priamus, he fought against the Amazons who were invading Phrygia (Hom. Il. 3,184-189; schol. Hom. Il. 3,189; Eust. ad Hom. Il. 3,186 p. 402). Aphrodite, in an encounter with Anchises, refers to herself as a daughter of O. (Hom. h. 5,111f.). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] Mariandynian Mariandynian, brother of Lycus [5], friend of Dyma…

Thersander

(193 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Θέρσανδρος/ Thérsandros). Son of Polynices and Argea [2], brother of e.g. Alastor and Timeas, with Demonassa [1] father of Tisamenus [1] (Pind. O. 2,76-81 with schol.; Hdt. 4,147; 6,52). T. takes part in the Epigoni's successful campaign against Thebes [2] ( Epigoni [2]), after he - on the model of his father - has secured Alcmaeon [1]'s participation as the leader of the campaign by bribing Eriphyle with the péplos [1] of Harmonia (Diod. 4,66,1-3; Apollod. 3,80-82; 3,86; Paus. 2,20,5; 9,8,7). After the capture of Thebes he was given the city to r…

Orthus

(162 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Ὄρθος/ Órthos or Ὄρθρος/ Órthros; for the name, see [1]). Two-headed dog (in Tzetz. in Lycophr. 653: two dog heads and seven dragon heads), son of Typhon (Typhoeus) and Echidna; brother of Cerberos, of Hydra [1] and Chimaera (?, cf. [2. 254f.]; Hes. Theog. 304-320); by Echidna (or Chimaera: [2. 256]) father of Phix (Sphinx) and of the Nemeian lion (Hes. Theog. 326f.). He guarded Geryon's herd of cattle (in Pind. Isth. 1,13: pl. κύνες/ kýnes, “dogs”), and together with the herdsman Eurytion [3] he was killed by Hercules [1], when he tried to prevent h…

Nemertes

(46 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Νημερτής/ Nēmertḗs). Daughter of Nereus and Doris [I 1], one of the Nereids (Hom. Il. 18,46; Hes. Theog. 262 (schol. 253 interprets N. as an adjective to Pronoe); Hyg. Fab. Praef. 8; in Apollod. 1,12 it reads Neomeris instead of N.). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Phyleus

(227 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Φυλεύς; Phyleús). Eldest son of Augeias (Paus. 5,1,10), brother of Agasthenes (Paus. 5,3,3), according to Echemus [1] the second husband of Timandra (Hes. Fr. 176,3f.; cf. Hes. Fr. 23a,9. 31. 34f. M.-W.) or Ctimene [1] (Eust. ad Hom. Il. 2,625-630), in Hyg. Fab. 97,12 the husband of Eustyoche. P. is the father of Meges (Hom. Il. 5,72; 15,519f. and 528; Apollod. 3,129; Quint. Smyrn. 12,326) and Eurydameia (Pherecydes FGrH 3 F 115a). When Augeias refuses to pay Hercules [1] the prom…

Nautes

(114 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Ναύτης; Naútēs). Elderly Trojan, companion of Aeneas [1], priest of Athena and distinguished by her with outstanding wisdom. When Aeneas doubts whether he should stay in Sicily or continue to Italy, N. advises him to go on and found the colony of Acesta (Egesta/Segesta; Verg. Aen. 5,704ff., 728f.). N. accepts from Diomedes [1] the palladion that has been stolen, as a proxy for Aeneas, who is offering a sacrifice, and so becomes the originator of the service of Minerva in Rome by the gens Nautia, whose ancestor he is (Varro, De Familiis Troianis in Serv. Aen. 2,1…

Phylas

(166 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Φύλας; Phýlas). [German version] [1] King of the Thesprotians King of the Thesprotians, father of Astyoche [4] (Astyocheia in Hom. Il. 2,658). Heracles [1] fights on the side of the Caledonians against the Thesprotians, captures Ephyra [3], kills P, takes his daughter prisoner and fathers Tlepolemus with her (Hom. Il. 2,653-660; Apollod. 2,149, cf. Soph. Trach. hypothesis; Apollod. 2,166; Apollod. Epit. 3,13). The same king is called Phyleus in Diod. Sic. 4,36,1. Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] King of the Dryopians King of the Dryopians who commits sacrilage (a fe…

Pleione

(181 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Πληίονη/ Plēíonē, Latin Plione: Serv. Georg. 1,138). Daughter of Oceanus and Tethys (Ov. Fast. 5,83f.), mother of the Pleiades (Apollod. 3,110; schol. Hom. Od. 5,272), who - according to a widely accepted version- are named after their mother (schol. Hom. Il. 18,486 Bekker after the Epic cycle ; schol. Apoll. Rhod. 3,225-227a), also mother of Hyas and the Hyades (schol. Hes. Op. 383a; Hyg. Poet. Astr. 2,21 after Musaeus; Hyg. Fab. 192 and 248), and grandmother ofMercurius) (Ov. Met.…

Pachrates

(85 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Παχράτης/ Pachrátēs). Magician and prophet from Heliopolis [1], proved his craft to emperor Hadrian with the help of a smoke sacrifice to Selene, in recognition of which he received double his fee (PGM 1, P 4,2446ff.). P. may have served as inspiration for the figure of the magician Pancrates in Lucian. Philopseudes 34-36 [1] and is perhaps identical [2. 618f.] with the poet Pancrates [3]. Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 K. Preisendanz, s.v. P., RE 18, 2071-2074 2 F. Stoessl, s.v. Pankrates (5), RE 18, 615-619.

Pelarge

(86 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Πελαργή; Pelarg). Daughter of Potneus, wife of Isthmiades. After the Epigoni campaign and the capture of Thebes P. and her husband are said to have renewed the interrupted Boeotian cult of Demeter Kabeiria and of Kore (Persephone) outside its former territory by reinstituting the consecration of the mysteries of the Cabiraei (or Cabirii), the descendants of the Cabiri, who originally inhabited the place. For this, she herself received cultic worship, in accordance with an oracle from Dodona (Paus. 9,25,5-7). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Othryoneus

(97 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Ὀθρυονεύς; Othryoneús). [German version] [1] Warrior from Cabesus Warrior from Cabesus, fights at Troy on Priamus' side, for which the latter promises him the hand of his daughter Cassandra. O. is killed by Idomeneus [1] (Hom. Il. 13,363ff., 772; Steph. Byz. s.v. Ἀγάθυρσοι and Καβασσός; Macr. Sat. 5,5,8). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] Teacher from Opus Teacher from Opus, in whose company Patroclus strikes dead the son of Amphidamas [2] while playing (Alexander Aetolus in schol. Hom. Il. 23,86a1 = CollAlex fr. 10, p. 127f. and TrGF 1, 101 F 1). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Peiras

(108 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Πείρας; Peíras). [German version] [1] Father of Echidna According to Epimenides (FGrH 457 F 5), P. was the father of Echidna with Styx as the mother (Paus. 8,18,2). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] Founder of the Heraeum of Argos Son of Argos [I 1] and Euadne, brother of Ecbasus, Epidaurus and Criasus (Apollod. 2,3). According to Plutarchus (FGrH 388 F 2), P. founded the sanctuary of the Argive Hera, installed his daughter Callithyia (Callithoe [2]/Io) as priestess and dedicated to Hera an idol made from pear-wood. He is ide…

Naiads

(475 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Ναιάδες; Naiádes, Νηιάδες; Nēiádes, singular Ναιάς; Naiás, Νηιάς; Nēiás, Νηίς; Nēís; Latin Naiades). Collective term for water nymphs in general (Nymphs; Hom. Il. 6,22; 14,444; 20,384; Hom. Od. 13,104; 13,356), who also have specific names corresponding to the bodies of water with which they are associated (cf. schol. Hom. Il. 20,8 Bekker). Etymologically, the term Naiádes is related to νάω/ náō (‘to flow’) and νᾶμα/ náma (‘something that flows, river’) (Hesych. s. v. Ναΐδες; etymology m. s. v. Νῆις). Subject to the naiads are above all rivers…

Tenthredon

(61 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Τενθρηδών/ Tenthrēdṓn, 'gall wasp': schol.  Nic. Alex. 547a-b;  cf. [1]). Descendant of Magnes [2] (schol. and Eust. on Hom. Il. 2,756), father of Prothous [3], the leader of the Magnetes (Hom. Il. 2,756; Lycophr.  899 with Tzetz.; Aristot. Epigr. 28, in [2]). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 LSJ, 1775, s. v. T. 2 Th. Bergk (ed.), Poetae Lyrici Graeci, vol. 2, 41882.

Telon

(36 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Τήλων; Tḗlōn). King of the Teleboae, ruler of the island Capreae, father of Oebalus [2] by the nymph Sebethis (Verg. Aen. 7,734-736; Serv. Aen. 7,734 f.; cf. Sil. Pun. 8,541 f.). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Phoebe

(422 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Φοίβη/ Phoíbē, Lat. Phoebe). [German version] [1] Titan, daughter of Gaia and Uranus ('Bright, pure one' [2], cf. on the etymology: [3]). Titan (Titans), daughter of Gaia and Uranus (Hes. Theog. 136; Orph. fr. 114; Apollod. 1,2; cf. Diod. Sic. 5,66,2f.; of Chthon (Chthonic deities): Aesch. Eum. 6f.; of Kronos: Schol. Pind. Pyth., hypothesis p. 1 Drachmann), by her brother Coeus (corrupt: Hyg. Fab. praef. 10: Polus) mother of Leto and Asteria [2] (Hes. Theog. 404-409; Diod. Sic. 5,67,2; Apollod. 1,8; Schol. …

Nicagora

(37 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Νικαγόρα/ Nikagóra). Sicyonian, wife of Echetimus, mother of Agasicles. According to legend she brought Asclepius, in the shape of a serpent, in a mule cart from Epidaurus to Sicyon (Paus. 2,10,3). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Tacita

(100 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] ('the silent', also Dea Muta 'mute goddess'). The name, date (21 February, on the Feralia) and nature of her cult (Ov. Fast. 2,569-582), which is supposed to have been introduced to Rome by the king Numa Pompilius (Plut. Numa 8,65b), suggest an Underworld deity (cf. Ov. Fast. 2,609; 5,422; Verg. Aen. 6,264 f.). T. is identified with the Nymph Lara/Lala or Larunda (Varro Ling. 5,74), who betrays a plan of Iuppiter, and he tears out her tongue. Raped by Mercurius, she becomes the mother of the Lares (Ov. Fast. 2,583-616; Lactant. Div. inst. 1,20,35). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Thootes

(45 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Θοώτης; Thoṓtēs). Herald of Menestheus [1] at Troy, sent by him to the two Aiantes (Ajax [1-2]) and to Teucrus [2] to ask for help in battle with the Lycians Sarpedon [1] and Glaucus [4]  (Hom. Il. 12,342-363). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Sao

(32 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Σαώ/ Saṓ, ‘protector (fem.)’, ‘saviour’). Daughter of Nereus and Doris [I 1], one of the Nereids (Hes. Theog. 243; Apollod. 1,11). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography N. Icard-Gianolio, s.v. S., LIMC 7.1, 666.

Scaeae

(93 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Σκαιαί/ Skaiaí sc. πύλαι/ pýlai). The 'Scaean Gate' in Troy (Hom. Il. 3,145; 3,149 et passim; without pýlai: Hom. Il. 3,263; Str. 13,1,21; in the singular: Quint. Smyrn. 11,338), also called Dardaníai. Several explanations of the name are possible: the 'left' or 'western gate' or 'gate of misfortune' (derived from  σκαιός [2]), 'crooked gate' or named after its builder Scaeus (schol. Hom. Il. 3,145; 9,354; 11,170 Bekker; Hsch. s. v. Σκαιῇσι πύλῃσιν) or after the Scaei [1] people. Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 L. Bürchner, s. v. Skaiisches Tor, RE 3 A, 424 2 LS…

Ophelestes

(49 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Ὀφελέστης; Opheléstēs). [German version] [1] Trojan Trojan, killed by Teucrus outside the city (Hom. Il. 8,274). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] Paeonian warrior at Troy Paeonian warrior at Troy, killed by Achilles [1] (Hom. Il. 21,210; schol. Hom. Il. 13,643 Maass with conjecture). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Oistros

(115 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Οἶστρος/ Oîstros). Personification of frenzy (cf. Furor, Lyssa, Mania [1]). The only preserved literary source (Poll. 4,142) lists O amongst the ékskeua prósōpa ('especially elaborate masks') of tragic drama (for illustrations: [1]). Above all, the Greek oîstros accurately describes the gadfly which pursues and plagues its victim and also the thorn or sting (Aesch. PV 567ff.; Eur. HF 862 and passim; Orph. A. 47). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 B. Müller-Huber, s.v. O., LIMC 7.1, 28f. (with biblography) 2 R. Padel, In and Out of the Mind. Greek Images …

Siricius

(57 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Σιρίκιος/ Siríkios, Latin Siricius). 4th century AD sophist from Neapolis [11] in Palaestina, pupil of Andromachus (cf. [1]). S. taught for a while in Athens and wrote Progymnásmata and Melétai (Suda, s. v. Σιρίκιος; Nicolaus of Myra, Progymnásmata, in: [2]). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 L. Cohn, s. v. Andromachos [20], RE 1.2, 2154 2 Spengel 3, 465 (Kap. 4).

Pammon

(38 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Πάμμων). Son of Priamus and Hecabe (Hom. Il. 24,250; Apollod. 3,151; Quint. Smyrn. 6,317; 562; 568; in Hyg. fab. 90 Pammon (Schmidt) or Palaemon), killed by Neoptolemus [1] (Quint. Smyrn. 13,213f.). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Phalces

(158 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Φάλκης; Phálkēs). Heraclid (Heraclidae), son of Temenus, brother of Cissus (Ceisus: Paus. 2,19,1), Cerynes, Agaeus (other sons of Temenus are mentioned in Apollod. 2,179) and Hyrnetho, father of Rhegnidas (Paus. 2,13,1). Out of envy of Hyrnetho and her husband Deïphontes, whom Temenus prefers to his sons, P. and his brothers (with the exception of the youngest: Agaeus) have their father attacked and killed while bathing (Nicolaus of Damascus FGrH 90 F 30; Diod.Sic. 7,13,1; Apollod…

Theias

(82 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Θείας; Theías). Son of Belus and the Nymph Oreithyia (or her husband), unwittingly fathers Adonis with his daughter Smyrna (Myrrha). When he discovers the offence, he first tries to kill his daughter, who escapes by transforming herself into the tree of the same name, then kills himself in shame (Antoninus Liberalis 34; Apollod. 3,183 f. after Panyassis; Tzetz. Lycoph. 829). Other sources name Cinyras as Smyrna's father (Ov. Met. 10,298-518; Hyg. Fab. 58; Tzetz.  Lycoph. 831). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Panope

(121 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Πανόπη; Panópē). [German version] [1] Daughter of Nereus and Doris [I1] (Πανόπεια/ Panópeia in Nonnus, Panopea in Virgil; the ‘all-caring one’ [1], different in Eust. Ad Hom. Il. 18,41, p. 1131, 4 and 6f.). Daughter of Nereus and Doris [I 1], one of the Nereids (Hom. Il. 18,45; Hes. Theog. 250; Apollod. 1,12; Lucian Dialogi marini 7; Nonnus, Dion. 39,255; 43,100 and 264; Verg. Aen. 5,240 and 825; Verg. G. 1,437; Hyg. Fab. praef. 8). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 W. Aly, s.v. P. (1), RE 18.3, 636 2 J.Ch. Balty, s.v. P., LIMC 7.1, 172. [German version] [2] One of the daughters of Thespius On…

Thalpius

(90 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Θάλπιος; Thálpios). Grandson of Actor [4], son of the Actorion Eurytus and of Theraephone; he and Amphimachus [2], Diores [1] and Polyxenus [3] were leaders of the 40 Epeian ships at Troy (Hom. Il. 2,618-624; Paus. 5,3,3 f.; Dares 14; Dictys 1,17). T. is mentioned among the suitors of Helena [I 1] (Apollod. 3,129; Hyg. Fab. 81) and among those in the Trojan Horse (Q. Smyrn. 12,323), his grave is in Elis (Aristot. epigram 36, in [1]). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 Th. Bergk, Poetae Lyrici Graeci, vol. 2, 41882.

Ocypete

(78 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Ὠκυπέτη/ Ōkypétē). Daughter of Thaumas and Electra [1], one of the Harpies, also called Ocythoe or Ocypode (according to Hesiod; Apollod. 1,123). Sister of Aëllo (also Nicothoe) and Celaeno [2] (Hes. Theog. 267; Apollod. 1,10; Hyg. Fab. 14,18; Praef. 35). O. fled from the sons of Boreas to the islands of the  Echinades, which are called Strophades after her because she turned back there (στροφή/ strophḗ) and, exhausted, fell her death (Apollod. 1,123). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Ino [2]

(314 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Ἰνώ; Inṓ). Daughter of  Cadmus [1] and  Harmonia, generally taken to be the second (first: schol. Hom. Il. 7,86 Bekker according to Philostephanus and Eust. ad locum; schol. Lycoph. 22) wife of  Athamas in Thebes [2] (the first being  Nephele [1]). She is the mother of Learchus and  Melicertes. Envy of her stepchildren  Phrixus and  Helle prompted her to develop a cunning plan. She talked the women of the country into roasting the seed grains, thus causing a severe famine. She bri…

Thaumacia

(46 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Θαυμακίη; Thaumakíē). One of the cities in Magnesia [1] which were represented at Troy with altogether seven ships under the leadership of Philoctetes, today not located (Hom. Il. 2,716-719; Str.  9,5,16; Plin. HN 4,32; cf. Steph. Byz., s. v. Θαυμακία). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Thestius

(209 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Θέστιος/ Théstios). Mythical ruler of Pleuron in Aetolia (Str. 10,2,24; 10,3,6), son of Ares (Apollod. 1,59; Ps.-Plut. De fluviis 22,1, GGM 2, p. 661 f.) or Agenor [3] (Asius in Paus. 3,13,8) and Demonice/Demodice (Apollod. 1,59; schol. Apoll. Rhod. 1,146-149a) or Peisidice (Ps.-Plut. loc.cit.), brother of Euenus, Molus and Pylus (Apollod. 1,59); with Eurythemis (Apollod. 1,62), Leucippe (Hyg. fab. 14,17) or others (schol. Apoll. Rhod. 1,146-149a; 1,201a) father of several sons ( Thestiádai), e.g. Iphiclus (Bacchyl. 5,128 f.; Apollod. loc.cit.; Hy…

Theios

(108 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Θεῖος; Theîos). The term Theíōi is found, exclusively in the dative, in several inscriptions, e.g. in a calendar of sacrifices from the period of Hadrian. It is controversial (discussion of the sources: [1]) whether it refers to an independent deity (e.g. as a masculine counterpart to Theia [1]) or is an orthographical variant of the dative of theós ('god') or tò theîon ('the divine', 'the deity'). When Theíōi is linked by kaí ('and') with the name of another deity it is possible to interpret it as a further aspect (or epithet) of that deity. Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliograph…

Uraniones

(121 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Οὐρανίωνες; Ouraníōnes). [German version] [1] Term for the descendants of Uranus Term for the descendants of Uranus in general (Hes. Theog. 461; 919) and for the Titans in particular (Hom. Il. 5,898; Orph. fr. 57; Suda s. v. Οὐ.). For a list of all U. see [1. 973-975]. Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 E. Wüst, s. v. Uranos, RE 9 A, 966-980. [German version] [2] Collective term for the Greek gods 'The Heavenly Ones', collective term for the Greek gods in general, sometimes with the addition of θεοί/ theoí ('gods'; e.g. Hom. Il. 1,570; Hom. Od. 7,242; Orph. fr. 168,15; Q. S…

Tenages

(62 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Τενάγης; Tenágēs). One of the Heliadae (according to schol. Pind. Ol. 7,131a-132a, partly according to Hellanikos, the youngest, also called Phaethon [3]), the seven sons of Helios and Rhodos (Rhode). T. is killed by some of his own brothers out of envy (Diod. 5,56,5-57,2; 5,61,1 = Zenon FGrH 523 F 1; schol. Hom. Il. 24,544c). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Sagaritis

(224 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Σαγαρῖτις; Sagarîtis). According to one of the many aetiological versions of the legend of Attis which purport to explain the self-mutilation of the priests of Cybele, Attis fell in love with the Hamadryad S. and broke the promise of chastity he had given Cybele. The nymph then died from the injuries done to her tree by Cybele, whilst Attis went mad and emasculated himself (Ov. Fast. 221-246; without mentioning the name of the nymph: Julian. Or. 8,165a-168c Rochefort; Sall. Philos…

Nerites

(83 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Νηρίτης; Nērítēs). Only son of Nereus and Doris [I 1], brother of the Nereids. He is either transformed into the snail of the same name by Aphrodite, who loves him because of his extraordinary beauty, out of anger because he does not follow her to Olympus, or in another version by Helios, possibly out of jealousy against Poseidon, N.'s lover (Ael. NA 14,28 with reference to lógoi thaláttioi, ‘seamen's tales’; compare EM s.v. ἀνηρίτης and νηρίτης). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Mylas

(53 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Μύλας; Mýlas). One of the Telchines. Inventor of the mill (according to Paus. 3,20,2 the Laconian King Myles), founder of the cult of the Mylánteioi theoí in Cameirus on Rhodes, and eponym of the promontory of Mylantia near Cameirus (Hesych. s.v. Μ.; Steph. Byz. s.v. Μυλαντία). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Periphetes

(162 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Περιφήτης; Periphḗtēs). [German version] [1] Son of Hephaistos (Periphantos/Περίφαντος/ Períphantos: Suda s.v. Θησείοισιν/ Thēseíoisin ). Son of Hephaestus (or of Neptunus: Hyg. Fab. 38; on the other hand Hyg. Fab. 158) and of Antikleia. Highwayman in Epidaurus who with his club ( korýnē), which is the basis of his epithet Korynḗtēs ('club-carrier', Lat. claviger: Ov. Met. 7,436f.), kills all those passing by. P. is killed (mostly as the first one: Diod. Sic. 4,59; Apollod. 3,217; Plut. Theseus 8,4b) by Theseus on his way from Troizen to Athens w…

Nicothoe

(66 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] (Νικοθόη; Nikothóē). Daughter of Thaumas and Electra [1], one of the Harpies, also called Aëllopus (Apollod. 1,122) or Aëllo (Hes. Theog. 267; Apollod. 1,10). Sister of Ocypete and Celaeno [2]. Chased from the table of Phineus [1] and pursued by the sons of Boreas, N. plunged into the Peloponnesian river Tigres, which was named Harpys after her (Apollod. 1,122). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Otreus

(116 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Ὀτρεύς). [English version] [1] Sohn des Dymas Sohn des Dymas [1], Bruder der Hekabe, Schwager des Priamos. König von Phrygien (Hesych. s.v. Ο.), Eponym der bithynischen Stadt Otroia (Strab. 12,4,7). Kämpft zusammen mit Mygdon [2] und mit Priamos gegen die in Phrygien einfallenden Amazones (Hom. Il. 3,184-189; schol. Hom. Il. 3,189; Eust. ad Hom. Il. 3,186 p. 402). Aphrodite bezeichnet sich Anchises gegenüber als Tochter des O. (Hom. h. 5,111f.). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [English version] [2] Mariandyner Mariandyner, Bruder des Lykos [5], Freund des Dymas [1] (?), wird von A…

Nerites

(78 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Νηρίτης). Einziger Sohn des Nereus und der Doris [I 1], Bruder der Nereiden. Wird entweder von Aphrodite, die ihn wegen seiner außergewöhnlichen Schönheit liebt, aus Zorn darüber, daß er ihr nicht in den Olympos folgt, in die gleichnamige Meerschnecke verwandelt oder, nach anderer Version, von Helios, evtl. aus Eifersucht auf Poseidon, dessen Geliebter N. ist (Ail. nat. 14,28 mit Berufung auf lógoi thaláttioi, “Schiffersagen”; vgl. Etym. m. s.v. ἀνηρίτης und νηρίτης). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Phoibe

(408 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Φοίβη, lat. Phoebe). [English version] [1] Titanin, Tochter der Gaia und des Uranos (die “Lichte”, “Reine” [2], vgl. zur Etym.: [3]). Titanin (Titanen), Tochter der Gaia und des Uranos (Hes. theog. 136; Orph. fr. 114; Apollod. 1,2; vgl. Diod. 5,66,2f.; des Chthon (Chthonische Götter): Aischyl. Eum. 6f.; des Kronos: schol. Pind. P., Hypothesis p. 1 Drachmann), von ihrem Bruder Koios (korrupt: Hyg. fab. praef. 10: Polus) Mutter der Leto und der Asteria [2] (Hes. theog. 404-409; Diod. 5,67,2; Apollod. 1,8; sch…

Ophelestes

(47 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Ὀφελέστης). [English version] [1] Troianer Troer, fällt vor Troia durch Teukros (Hom. Il. 8,274). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [English version] [2] paionischer Kämpfer vor Troia Paionischer Kämpfer vor Troia, von Achilleus [1] getötet (Hom. Il. 21,210; schol. Hom. Il. 13,643 Maass mit Konjektur). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Odios

(88 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Ὀδίος, auch Ὁδίος). [English version] [1] Herold der Griechen vor Troia Herold der Griechen vor Troia (Hom. Il. 9,170; des Telamoniers Aias [1]: schol. Hom. Il. 2,96). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [English version] [2] Anführer der Halizonen Zusammen mit Epistrophos (bei Dictys 2,35 beide Söhne des Minuus) Anführer der Halizonen aus dem bithynischen Alybe vor Troia (Hom. Il. 2,856f.; Strab. 12,3,20ff.; Apollod. epit. 3,35), kämpft auf der Seite der Troianer und fällt durch Agamemnon (Hom. Il. 5,38-42). Zum Namen: Arr. FGrH 156 F 98. Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Phyleus

(224 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Φυλεύς). Ältester Sohn des Augeias (Paus. 5,1,10), Bruder des Agasthenes (Paus. 5,3,3), nach Echemos [1] zweiter Gatte der Timandra (Hes. fr. 176,3f.; vgl. Hes. fr. 23a,9. 31. 34f. M.-W.) oder der Ktimene [1] (Eust. ad Hom. Il. 2,625-630), bei Hyg. fab. 97,12 Gatte der Eustyoche. Ph. ist Vater des Meges (Hom. Il. 5,72; 15,519f. und 528; Apollod. 3,129; Q. Smyrn. 12,326) und der Eurydameia (Pherekydes FGrH 3 F 115a). Als sich Augeias weigert, Herakles [1] den für die Ausmistung s…

Oiax

(140 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Οἴαξ, lat. Oeax, “Steuerruder[griff]”). Sohn des Nauplios [1] und der Klymene [5] (auch Philyra oder Hesione [2]: Apollod. 2,23), Bruder des Palamedes und des Nausimedon (Apollod. 2,23; 3,15; schol. Eur. Or. 432; Dictys 1,1). Zieht mit Palamedes nach Troia (Philostr. heroicus 10,10, p. 183 Kayser), wo er nach dessen Steinigung das Schicksal des Bruders als Nachricht für Nauplios in Ruderblätter ritzt und diese ins Meer wirft (schol. Aristoph. Thesm. 771, nach Eur. Palamedes); Suda…

Peiras

(99 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Πείρας). [English version] [1] Vater der Echidna Nach Epimenides (FGrH 457 F 5) von der Styx Vater der Echidna (Paus. 8,18,2). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [English version] [2] Gründer des Heraions von Argos Sohn des Argos [I 1] und der Euadne, Bruder des Ekbasos, Epidauros und Kriasos (Apollod. 2,3). P. gründet nach Plutarch (FGrH 388 F 2) als erster das Heiligtum der argivischen Hera, setzt seine Tochter Kallithyia (Kallithoe [2]/Io) als Priesterin ein und weiht der Hera ein Götterbild aus Birnbaumholz. Identisch mit Peiranthos/Pi…

Sagaritis

(203 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Σαγαρῖτις). Nach einer der vielen aitiologischen Versionen der Attissage, die die Selbstverstümmelung der Kybelepriester erklären sollen, verliebt sich Attis in die Hamadryade S. und bricht das Keuschheitsversprechen, das er Kybele gegeben hatte. Die Nymphe stirbt daraufhin durch die Wunden, die Kybele ihrem Baum zufügt, Attis dagegen wird wahnsinnig und entmannt sich (Ov. fast. 221-246; ohne Nennung des Namens der Nymphe: Iul. or. 8,165a-168c Rochefort; Sall. Philosophus, De de…

Nemertes

(44 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Νημερτής). Tochter des Nereus und der Doris [I 1], eine der Nereiden (Hom. Il. 18,46; Hes. theog. 262 (schol. 253 zieht N. als Adj. zu Pronoe); Hyg. fab. praef. 8; bei Apollod. 1,12 steht an ihrer Stelle Neomeris). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Okypete

(72 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Ὠκυπέτη). Tochter des Thaumas und der Elektra [1], eine der Harpyien, auch Okythoe oder Okypode (nach Hesiod) genannt (Apollod. 1,123). Schwester der Aëllo (auch Nikothoe) und der Kelaino [2] (Hes. theog. 267; Apollod. 1,10; Hyg. fab. 14,18; praef. 35). O. flieht vor den Boreassöhnen bis zu den Echinaden, die nach ihr Strophaden genannt werden, weil sie dort umkehrt (στροφή) und vor Erschöpfung abstürzt (Apollod. 1,123). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Phylas

(152 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Φύλας). [English version] [1] König der Thesproter König der Thesproter, Vater der Astyoche [4] (Astyocheia bei Hom. Il. 2,658). Herakles [1] kämpft auf der Seite der Kalydonier gegen die Thesproter, nimmt Ephyra [3] ein, tötet Ph., nimmt seine Tochter als Gefangene mit und zeugt mit ihr Tlepolemos (Hom. Il. 2,653-660; Apollod. 2,149, vgl. Soph. Trach. hypothesis; Apollod. 2,166; Apollod. epit. 3,13). Bei Diod. 4,36,1 heißt derselbe König Phyleus. Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [English version] [2] König der Dryoper König der Dryoper, frevelt (ein Festschmaus im Hain des Apollon…

Mopsopos

(51 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Μόψοπος, auch Μόψοψ oder Μόψος). Mutmaßlicher attischer König oder Heros. Name erschlossen aus Mopsopia, der alten Bezeichnung für Attika (Lykophr. 733, 1340; Kall. fr. 709; Strab. 9,1,18; 9,5,22; Anth. Pal. 7,614,8; Tib. 1,7,54; Ov. met. 5,661; 6,423; Ov. epist. 8,72; Sen. Phaedr. 121; 1276). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Pachrates

(78 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Παχράτης). Zauberer und Prophet aus Heliopolis [1], beweist Kaiser Hadrian seine Kunst mit Hilfe eines Rauchopfers an Selene, wofür er als Anerkennung das doppelte Honorar erhält (PGM 1, P 4,2446ff.). P. diente eventuell als Inspiration für die Gestalt des Magiers Pankrates bei Lukian. Philopseudes 34-36 [1] und ist vielleicht identisch [2. 618f.] mit dem Dichter Pankrates [3]. Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 K. Preisendanz, s.v. P., RE 18, 2071-2074 2 F. Stoessl, s.v. Pankrates (5), RE 18, 615-619.

Pelarge

(75 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Πελαργή). Tochter des Potneus, Gattin des Isthmiades. P. soll zusammen mit ihrem Mann nach dem Epigonenzug und der Einnahme von Theben den ausgesetzten boiotischen Kult der Demeter Kabeiria und der Kore (Persephone) durch die Wiedereinsetzung der Mysterienweihen der Kabeiraioi (oder Kabeirioi), der Nachkommen der diesen Ort urspr. bewohnenden Kabeiroi, außerhalb des alten Gebietes erneuert und dafür, gemäß einem Orakelspruch aus Dodona, selbst kult. Verehrung erfahren haben (Paus. 9,25,5-7). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Periphetes

(148 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Περιφήτης). [English version] [1] Sohn des Hephaistos (Periphantos/Περίφαντος: Suda s.v. Θησείοισιν). Sohn des Hephaistos (oder des Neptunus: Hyg. fab. 38; dagegen Hyg. fab. 158) und der Antikleia. Wegelagerer bei Epidauros, der mit seiner Keule ( korýnē), nach der er den Beinamen Korynḗtes (“Keulenträger”, lat. claviger: Ov. met. 7,436f.) hat, alle Vorübergehenden erschlägt. P. wird (zumeist als erster: Diod. 4,59; Apollod. 3,217; Plut. Theseus 8,4b) von Theseus auf dessen Weg von Troizen nach Athen getötet, der seine Keule übernimmt (D…

Panope

(115 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Πανόπη). [English version] [1] Tochter des Nereus und der Doris [I1] (Πανόπεια bei Nonnos, Panopea bei Vergil; die “Allsorgende” [1], anders Eust. ad Hom. Il. 18,41, p. 1131, 4 und 6f.). Tochter des Nereus und der Doris [I 1], eine der Nereiden (Hom. Il. 18,45; Hes. theog. 250; Apollod. 1,12; Lukian. dialogi marini 7; Nonn. Dion. 39,255; 43,100 und 264; Verg. Aen. 5,240 und 825; Verg. georg. 1,437; Hyg. fab. praef. 8). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 W. Aly, s.v. P. (1), RE 18.3, 636 2 J.Ch. Balty, s.v. P., LIMC 7.1, 172. [English version] [2] eine der Töchter des Thespios Eine der Töcht…

Pandia

(116 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Πανδία, auch: Πανδεία, Πανδείη). Tochter des Zeus und der Selene (Hom. h. 32,14-16; Hyg. fab. praef. 28; in diesem Sinne wohl auch Phot. s.v. Πάνδια und Etym. m. s.v. Πάνδεια). Nach anderen Quellen (Orph. fr. 280,8; Maximos, Perí katarchṓn 123, 146, 326; schol. Demosth. or. 21,9,39a-d) Beiname (Πάνδια, Πάντια) der Selene (vgl. [3. 62]). Das gleichnamige att. Fest geht wahrscheinlich, entgegen der verbreiteten (spät-?)ant. Auffassung (vgl. schol. Demosth. or. 21, 9, 39a; Phot. l.…

Nautes

(102 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Ναύτης). Troianischer Greis, Begleiter des Aineias [1], Priester der Athena und durch sie mit herausragender Weisheit ausgezeichnet. Als Aineias/ Aeneas zweifelt, ob er in Sizilien bleiben oder nach Italien weiterziehen soll, rät ihm N. zur Weiterfahrt und zur Gründung der Kolonie Acesta (Egesta/Segesta; Verg. Aen. 5,704ff., 728f.). N. nimmt in Vertretung des opfernden Aineias von Diomedes [1] das geraubte Palladion entgegen und wird so zum Urheber des Minerva-Dienstes der gens Nautia in Rom, deren Stammvater er ist (Varro, De familiis Troianis be…

Othryoneus

(93 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Ὀθρυονεύς). [English version] [1] Krieger aus Kabesos Krieger aus Kabesos, kämpft vor Troia auf der Seite des Priamos, wofür ihm dieser die Hand seiner Tochter Kassandra verspricht. O. wird von Idomeneus [1] getötet (Hom. Il. 13,363ff., 772; Steph. Byz. s.v. Ἀγάθυρσοι und Καβασσός; Macr. Sat. 5,5,8). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [English version] [2] Lehrer aus Opus Lehrer aus Opus, bei dem Patroklos den Sohn des Amphidamas [2] beim Spielen erschlägt (Alexandros Aitolos in schol. Hom. Il. 23,86a1 = CollAlex fr. 10, p. 127f. und TrGF 1, 101 F 1). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Nyktimos

(85 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Νύκτιμος). Einer der 50 Söhne des Lykaon, entweder der älteste, der nach dem Tod seines Vaters rechtmäßig die Herrschaft über Arkadien übernimmt (Paus. 8,3,1; 5), oder der jüngste, der nach dem Frevel des Lykaon und seiner Söhne als einziger durch das Eingreifen der Gaia von der Strafe des Zeus verschont bleibt (Märchen) und selbst König wird z.Z. der Deukalionischen Flut (Apollod. 3,96-99). Nach anderer Version wird N. selbst geschlachtet (Lykophr. 481; Clem. Al. protreptikos 2,36,5; Nonn. Dion. 18,20-24). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Rhexenor

(116 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Ῥηξήνωρ). [English version] [1] Bruder des Alkinoos und Vater von dessen Frau Arete Sohn des Nausithoos [1], Bruder des Alkinoos [1]. Er stirbt kurz nach seiner Hochzeit und hinterläßt als einziges Kind seine Tochter Arete [1], die spätere Gattin des Alkinoos (Hom. Od. 7,63-66; 146; schol. Hom. Od. 7,56; Eust. ad Hom. Od. 7,63-65). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [English version] [2] Vater der Chalkiope [1], der zweiten Gattin des Aigeus Vater der Chalkiope [1], der zweiten Gattin des Aigeus (Apollod. 3,207; Tzetz. ad Lykophr. 494; Phanodemos FGrH 325 F 5). Alternativ wer…

Mylas

(46 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Μύλας). Einer der Telchines. Erfinder der Mühle (nach Paus. 3,20,2 der lakonische König Myles), Stifter des Kultes der Mylánteioi theoí in Kameiros auf Rhodos und Namensgeber für das Vorgebirge Mylantia bei Kameiros (Hesych. s.v. Μ.; Steph. Byz. s.v. Μυλαντία). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Oistros

(116 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Οἶστρος). Personifikation der Raserei (vgl. Furor, Lyssa, Mania [1]); die einzige erh. lit. Quelle (Poll. 4,142) zählt O. unter den ékskeua prósōpa (“speziell ausgearbeiteten Masken”) des trag. Dramas auf (zu den bildlichen Darstellungen: [1]). Konkret bezeichnet griech. o. v.a. die Bremse, die ihr Opfer verfolgt und plagt, und so auch den Stachel oder Stich (Aischyl. Prom. 567ff.; Eur. Herc. 862 u.ö.; Orph. Arg. 47). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 B. Müller-Huber, s.v. O., LIMC 7.1, 28f. (mit Bibliogr.) 2 R. Padel, In and Out of the Mind. Greek Imag…

Pleione

(167 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Πληίονη, lat. Plione: Serv. georg. 1,138). Tochter des Okeanos und der Tethys (Ov. fast. 5,83f.), Mutter der Pleiaden (Apollod. 3,110; schol. Hom. Od. 5,272), die - nach geläufiger Version - nach ihrer Mutter benannt sind (schol. Hom. Il. 18,486 Bekker nach dem Epischen Zyklus; schol. Apoll. Rhod. 3,225-227a), des Hyas und der Hyaden (schol. Hes. erg. 383a; Hyg. astr. 2,21 nach Musaios; Hyg. fab. 192 und 248), Großmutter des Mercurius (Ov. met. 2,742f.; Ov. epist. 16,62; Val. Fl. …

Nikagora

(31 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Νικαγόρα). Sikyonierin, Frau des Echetimos, Mutter des Agasikles, bringt der Sage nach Asklepios in Schlangengestalt mit einem Maultierwagen von Epidauros nach Sikyon (Paus. 2,10,3). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Pittheus

(287 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Πιτθεύς, Name verm. abgeleitet von πειθώ [1], daher etwa “Gutrat” [3], vgl. [2]). P. ist vielleicht urspr. eine alte Orakelgottheit, nach den Quellen Sohn des Pelops und der Hippodameia [1], Bruder u.a. des Atreus und des Thyestes (Eur. Med. 684; Eur. Heraclid. 207; Apollod. epit. 2,10; schol. Eur. Or. 5; Ov. met. 8,622f.), Vater der Aithra (Hom. Il. 3,144; Eur. Heraclid. 207f.; Eur. Suppl. 4-7; Bakchyl. 17,34; Hyg. fab. 14,5 u.ö.) und der Henioche [4] (Plut. Theseus 25,11f), Gr…

Pammon

(39 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Πάμμων). Sohn des Priamos und der Hekabe (Hom. Il. 24,250; Apollod. 3,151; Q. Smyrn. 6,317; 562; 568; bei Hyg. fab. 90 Pammon (Schmidt) oder Palaemon), fällt durch Neoptolemos [1] (Q. Smyrn. 13,213f.). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Phalkes

(154 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Φάλκης). Heraklide (Herakleidai), Sohn des Temenos, Bruder des Kissos (Keisos: Paus. 2,19,1), Kerynes, Agaios (andere Söhne des Temenos nennt Apollod. 2,179) und der Hyrnetho, Vater des Rhegnidas (Paus. 2,13,1). Aus Eifersucht auf Hyrnetho und deren Gatten Deïphontes, die Temenos seinen Söhnen vorzieht, lassen Ph. und seine Brüder (mit Ausnahme des jüngsten: Agaios) den Vater beim Baden überfallen und töten (Nikolaos von Damaskos FGrH 90 F 30; Diod. 7,13,1; Apollod. l.c.; Paus. …

Orthos

(156 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Ὄρθος oder Ὄρθρος, zum Namen: [1]). Zweiköpfiger Hund (bei Tzetz. in Lykophr. 653: zwei Hunde- und sieben Drachenköpfe), Sohn des Typhon (Typhoeus) und der Echidna; Bruder des Kerberos, der Hydra [1] und der Chimaira (?, vgl. [2. 254f.]; Hes. theog. 304-320); von Echidna (oder Chimaira: [2. 256]) Vater der Phix (Sphinx) und des Nemeischen Löwen (Hes. theog. 326f.). Wächter der Rinderherde des Geryoneus (bei Pind. I. 1,13: Pl. κύνες/ kýnes, “Hunde”), wird zusammen mit dem Hirten Eurytion [3] von Herakles [1] erschlagen, als er versucht, diesen …

Noemon

(105 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
(Νοήμων). [English version] [1] Lykier, Gefolgsmann des Sarpedon vor Troia Lykier, Gefolgsmann des Sarpedon vor Troia, fällt durch Odysseus (Hom. Il. 5,678; Ov. met. 13,258). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [English version] [2] Pylier, Gefährte des Antilochos vor Troia Pylier, Gefährte des Antilochos vor Troia (Hom. Il. 23,612). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [English version] [3] Ithakesier Ithakesier, Sohn des Phronios, leiht auf Bitten der Athena dem Telemachos ein Schiff für dessen Fahrt nach Pylos (Hom. Od. 2,386f.). Als er es später selbst braucht, fragt er Ant…

Molossos

(57 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Μολοσσός). Sohn des Neoptolemos [1] und der Andromache (unbenannt in Eur. Andr.). Bei Pausanias (1,11,1f.) Bruder des Pielos und des Pergamos, Stiefbruder des Kestrinos. Eponym der Molossoi und Ahnherr des molossischen Fürstenhauses (Eratosth. in schol. Hom. Od. 3,188; vgl. Pind. N. 7,38-40 und schol. Pind. N. 7,56a-b; Serv. Aen. 3,297). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Nikothoe

(65 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[English version] (Νικοθόη). Tochter des Thaumas und der Elektra [1], eine der Harpyien, auch Aëllopus (Apollod. 1,122) oder Aëllo (Hes. theog. 267; Apollod. 1,10) genannt. Schwester der Okypete und der Kelaino [2]. Nach der Vertreibung vom Tisch des Phineus wird N. von den Boreassöhnen verfolgt und stürzt in den peloponnesischen Fluß Tigres, der nach ihr Harpys genannt wird (Apollod. 1,122). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

Xanthippe

(279 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel) | Döring, Klaus (Bamberg)
(Ξανθίππη; Xanthíppē). [German version] [1] Daughter of Dorus Daughter of Dorus, with Pleuron parent of Agenor [3], Sterope, Stratonice and Laophonte (Apollod. 1,58). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] Mythical feeder of her imprisoned father Mycon Woman who fed her father Mycon in prison with her milk (Hyg. Fab. 254; the same motif with different names: Val. Max. 5,4, ext. 1; Plin. HN 7,121; Fest. 228,28-32; Solin. 1,124f.; Nonn. Dion. 26,101-145). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [3] Wife of the philosopher Socrates [2] Wife of the philosopher Socrates [2]; orig…

Thrasymedes

(296 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel) | Neudecker, Richard (Rome)
(Θρασυμήδης/ Thrasymḗdēs). [German version] [1] Son of Nestor and Anaxibia Son of Nestor [1] and Anaxibia (daughter of Cratieus), brother e.g. of Echephron [1] and Peisistratus [1] (Hom. Od. 3,412-415; Apollod. 1,94; Dictys 1,13), father of Sillus and hence grandfather of Alcmaeon [2] (Paus. 2,18,8). T. and his brother Antilochus, who is later killed by Memnon [1] (cf. Q. Smyrn. 2,267-344), set off with 15 ships (Hyg. Fab. 97,5) for Troy (Hom. Il. 9,81; 10,255-259; 14,9-11 et passim; Philostr. Heroicus 26…

Myrto

(158 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel) | Döring, Klaus (Bamberg)
(Μυρτώ/ Myrt ). [German version] [1] Daughter of Menoetius Daughter of Menoetius [1] from Opus in Locria; sister of Patroclus, mother by Heracles [1] of  Euclea (Plut. Aristides 331e). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] Supposed wife of Socrates Real or putative daughter, granddaughter or great-granddaughter (the sources disagree) of Aristides [1] the Just. A tradition deriving from Aristotle's ‘On Noble Birth (Περὶ εὐγενείας fragment 3 Ross, fragments 71,1-2 Gigon; SSR I B 7) implies that Socrates had M. as a wife before, af…

Lycaon

(658 words)

Author(s): Visser, Edzard (Basle) | Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] [1] Oldest mythical king of Arcadia (Λυκάων; Lykáōn). Oldest mythical king of Arcadia, son of Pelasgus and of the daughter of Oceanus, Meliboea, or the mountain nymph Cyllene. L.'s sons are the founding heroes of all important Arcadian cities; his son Oenotrus, dissatisfied with his share of the inheritance, is said to have left his homeland and settled in Italy with several followers (hence the name Oenotria) (first in Pherecydes, FGrH 3 F 156). The number of 50 sons mentioned in Apol…

Scythes

(206 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel) | Meister, Klaus (Berlin)
(Σκύθης). [German version] [1] Son of Heracles Third son of Heracles [1] (or Zeus: Diod. 2,43,3) and Echidna, brother of Agathyrsus and Gelonus [1]. Is the only son able to accomplish the task, set by his father, of drawing his bow and putting on his belt, and so becomes the king of Hylaea and the eponym of the Scythae (Hdt. 4,8-10; Steph. Byz. s. v. Σκύθαι; IG 1293 A 95 f.; cf. Sen. Herc. f. 533; Sen. Herc. Oetaeus 157). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 A. Nercessian, s. v. S. (1), LIMC 7.1, 794. [German version] [2] Tyrant of Cos, c. 500 BC Tyrant of  Cos c. 500 BC; in 494/3 he handed his…

Teledamus

(185 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel) | Beck, Hans (Cologne)
[German version] [1] Son of Odysseus and Calypso (Τηλέδαμος; Tēlédamos). According to Eust. on Hom. Od. 16,118, the author of the Tēlegonía names a son of Odysseus and Calypso“Telegonus or Teledamus”, which would make him the brother of Nausithous [2] and Nausinous. The passage is evidently corrupt, since elsewhere Telegonus is Odysseus' son with Circe. For a discussion of conjectures: [1]. Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 K. Scherling, s. v. T. (1), RE 5 A, 313 f. [German version] [2] Son of Agamemnon and Cassandra (Paus.: Τελέδαμος/ Telédamos, schol. Hom. Od.: Τελέδημος/ Telé…

Amphinomus

(227 words)

Author(s): Graf, Fritz (Columbus, OH) | Antoni, Silke (Kiel)
[German version] [1] Amphinomus and Anapias Pious pair of brothers from Catana (Ἀμφίνομος and Ἀναπίας, Ἄναπις; Amphínomos and Anapías/ Ánapis). Pious pair of brothers from Catana, who during a volcanic eruption of Etna carried their parents from the flames; the lava stream divided in a miraculous manner before them. They were still cultically venerated in the imperial period (Paus. 10,28,4); their statutes stood at the place of this rescue, the ‘Place of the Pious’, eusebōn chṓros. The event is first mentioned by Lycurg. Or. in Leocratem 95, which only mentions a youth…

Myrto

(148 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel) | Döring, Klaus (Bamberg)
(Μυρτώ). [English version] [1] Tochter des Menoitios Tochter des Menoitios [1] aus dem lokrischen Opus, Schwester des Patroklos, von Herakles [1] Mutter der Eukleia (Plut. Aristeides 331e). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [English version] [2] angebliche Frau des Sokrates Wirkliche oder vermeintliche Tochter, Enkelin oder Urenkelin (die Quellen variieren) Aristeides' [1] des Gerechten. Eine auf Aristoteles' Schrift ‘Über edle Herkunft zurückgehende Trad. besagt (Περὶ εὐγενείας fr. 3 Ross, fr. 71,1-2 Gigon; SSR I B 7), Sokrates habe M. vor, na…

Pallene

(683 words)

Author(s): Antoni, Silke (Kiel) | Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) | Zahrnt, Michael (Kiel)
(Παλλήνη/ Pallḗnē). [German version] [1] Daughter of the giant Alcyoneus Also called Palene (Παλήνη/ Palḗnē): Suda s.v. Ἀλκυονίδες ἡμέραι. According to Hegesander (or Agesander: FHG 4, 422, fr. 46), daughter of the giant Alcyoneus [1], who, along with her sisters (Alcyonides [2]), threw herself into the ocean from the Canastraeum, only to be turned into a kingfisher ( alkyṓn, after her father) by Amphitrite (Suda l.c.; Eust. ad Hom. Il. 1,563, p. 776,33-39 (according to Pausanias); Apostolius Paroemiographus 2,20). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography P.M.C. Forbes Irving, Metamo…
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