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Mimesis Anecdotes

(1,962 words)

Author(s): Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG)
Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG)…

Gothic

(2,626 words)

Torso (Belvedere)

(1,796 words)

Author(s): Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG)
Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG) [German version] A. I…

Cnidian Aphrodite

(1,525 words)

Author(s): Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG)
[English version] The Cnidian Aphrodite (CA) was sculpted by Praxiteles about 340 BC for the temple of Aphrodite Euploia in Cnidus. She was said to be the first and also the most perfect sculpture of a completely naked goddess and woman. According to Pliny the Elder, it was the world's most famous marble sculpture, turning Cnidus into an important tourist destination (HN 36,20). The fame of this larger than life late-Classical statue is also reflected in numerous references and epigrams [3], as we…

Equestrian statues

(2,435 words)

Author(s): Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG)
Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG) [German version] …

Venus de Milo

(1,480 words)

Author(s): Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG)
[English version] …

Mausoleum

(3,264 words)

Author(s): Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG)
Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG) [German version] A. Pagan Antiquity (CT) Mausoleum was originally the name of the funeral monument of Maussolus of Caria (d. 353 BC) and his wife (and sister) Artemisia (d. 351) in Lycian Halicarnassus (modern Bodrum). It consisted in an Ionic peripteros of 9 × 11 columns on a high base with a roof in the form of a stepped pyramid, bearing a quadriga with the heroicized founder pair; the architects were Pytheus and Satyrus. The work's sheer size (height ca . 50 m), the status and achievements of the participating sculptors (Scopas, Bryaxis, Leochares…

Laocoon group

(2,908 words)

Author(s): Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG)
Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG) [German version] A. Discovery and Display (CT) More than almost any other work of art the Laocoon group (LG) has left an indelible mark on the history of art and intellectual history of the European modern age. It was found on 14 January 1506 in Rome, in a buried vaulted chamber at S. Pietro in Vincoli (anonymous letter to G. S. L'Arienti, 31 January 1506 [28. 26 f.]). Seeking further information, Pope Julius II sent to the site of the find his architect, Giuliano da Sangallo, who (accompanied by Michelangel…

Erotica

(1,029 words)

Author(s): Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG)
Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG) [German version] A. Middle Ages (CT) Both Greek and Roman art is rich in erotic themes and objects of all kinds.  They are found in a multitude of genres and modes of expression, from large-scale sculpture, painting and mosaics to craft products and finally small art objects (e.g. gems and cameos). When the triumph of Christianity brought an end to the eroticism of ancient art, the world of erotic imagery also disappeared from the light of day. Objects of this kind were, of cou…

Trajan's Column

(2,914 words)

Author(s): Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG) | Bourdon, Nicola
Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG) Bourdon, Nicola [German version] A. Antiquity (CT) Trajan's Column (TC) was the first of the imperial columns in the city of Rome, which raised the statues of the emperors aloft while their deeds were celebrated in a relief frieze that spiraled up to the top [7; 11]. It was followed by columns for Antoninus Pius (161; destroyed, pedestal: Rome, Vatican Museum) and Marcus Aurelius (192), as well as columns in Constantinople for Theodosius (393) and Arcadius (421, both either destroyed or broken up). TC (originally executed in colour), located on the eno…

Humanism

(10,894 words)

Author(s): Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG) | Hinz, Manfred (Passau RWG) | Burmeister, Karl Heinz (Bregenz RWG) | Nutton, Vivian (London) | Kreyszig, Walter (Saskatoon/Wien RWG)
Hinz, Berthold (Kassel RWG) I. Renaissance (CT) [German version] A. Definition (CT) Renaissance Humanism (RH) is understood as a literary and philological movement which first established itself with Petrarch in the courts and city oligarchies of Italy (and to a lesser extent in the universities).  Its objective was to imitate and restore Classical Latin (essentially Cicero's for prose and Vergil's for metric texts), in view of a newly arisen, non-clerical, urban bourgeois educated class for both production…