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[German Version] (Mar 22, 1908, Langenbeutingen – Feb 23, 2000, Stuttgart), pastor, poet and essayist. After attending the theological seminaries in Schöntal and Urach, he began studies in Protestant theology in 1926 in Tübingen and Berlin; he pastored in Württemberg (1933–1940), served as a soldier (1940–1942), then hospital and prison chaplain; after 1945, he pastored in Gebersheim and was furloughed in 1953 in order to pursue his writing. Goes published his first volume of poetry Verse in 1932 and gained international fame with his novels Unruhige Nacht [Restless night, 1950] and D…

[German Version] (Hans: Sep 22, 1918, Ingersheim; Sophie: May 9, 1921, Forchtenberg – Feb 22, 1932, executed at Munich-Stadelheim prison), leading figures in the White Rose resistance movement (Resistance to National Socialism). After initial enthusiasm for National Socialism, they became active members of the Bündische Jugend, leading to Hans’s first arrest in 1937. Brought up in a middle-class liberal Protestant family, they sought out contacts with the reforming Catholics Karl Muth and T. Haecker; coupled with their exposure to the Renouveau catholique (France, Theology i…

[German Version] (Aug 29, 1897, Pferdsfeld im Hunsrück – Jul 18, 1939, Buchenwald concentration camp). From 1915 to 1918, Schneider fought as a volunteer in World War I. From 1919 to 1922, he studied theology at Giessen, Marburg, and Tübingen; in 1926 he was appointed pastor in Hochelheim. In 1934, at the instigation of the National Socialists, he was transferred to a pastorate in Dieckenschied (Hunsrück). After initial approval of the Nazi takeover, he publicly criticized the church policies of t…

[German Version] 1. Karl Heinrich von (Dec 11, 1822, Öhringen – Aug 13, 1899, Tübingen) began his theological studies in Tübingen in 1840, becoming a lecturer at the university and the Stift in 1847; after serving as a pastor, in 1851 he was appointed second court chaplain in Stuttgart and in 1859 chief consistorial councilor. In 1861 he succeeded F.C. Baur as professor of church history and history of dogma at Tübingen; he was also ennobled. In 1889 he became chancellor of the university and a member…