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1. EinleitungDer Begriff des B. dient zur Bezeichnung einer Teilepoche innerhalb der Nz., die in ihren spezifischen ästhetischen und kulturellen Merkmalen in den Bereichen Kunst, Literatur und Musik auf wiss. Vereinbarungen beruht. Der B.-Begriff ist folglich keine aus der Epoche gewonnene Bezeichnung (wie z. B. Renaissance, Aufklärung oder Romantik), sondern eine nachträglich im Bereich der Wissenschaft entstandene zeitliche und inhaltliche Konstruktion, um Werke der Kunst, Literatur und Musik und ihre spezifischen Gestaltungen im Z…

1. Introduction The term Baroque defines an era within the early modern period perceived by scholarly consensus in terms of its specific aesthetic and cultural characteristics in the spheres of art, literature, and music. It is therefore not a term drawn from the era itself (as were, for instance, Renaissance, Enlightenment, and Romanticism), but a retrospective chronological and thematic construction of scholars seeking to characterize works of art, literature, and music and their particular designs across the span of time from the late 16th to the late 18th centuries. There is controversy in particular as to whether it is permissible to speak of a “Baroque style” in the arts, and the question will not be settled beyond dispute. Still, the term Baroque does possess a validity and vitality not only in scholarship, but also in the history of culture, radiating from the field of the arts. In terms of the history of scholarship, attempts at clarification began in the field of art history, where attempts were made to classify standards and forms in order to define transpersonal typologies of style, which would help establish criteria of epoch even in the absence of names. As yet, this long conceptual debate among critics has produced no firm concept of the Baroque on the basis of factual definition that could be used in scholarl…

1. Begriff 1.1. Renaissance als Wiedergeburt der AntikeR. bzw. rinascità oder rinascimento (ital.; »Wiedergeburt«) entwickelte sich seit dem 15. Jh. zu einem Sammelbegriff für die Antikerezeption des Humanismus. Das lat. Verb ( renasci; »wiedergeboren werden«) begegnet schon 1430 im Hinblick auf die

1. Concept 1.1. Renaissance as the rebirth of classical antiquity“Renaissance” (Italian  rinascità,  rinascimento, “rebirth”) developed in the 15th century into a general term for the reception of classical antiquity (Antiquity, reception of) in Humanism. The Latin verb renasci (to be born again) is found as early as 1430 in the context of rhetoric in the work of the French Petrarch scholar Nicholas of Clémanges. The Italian rinascere then came into use around 1450 in reference to sculpture in Lorenzo Ghiberti (see below, 9.2.), and in 1460/64 for archit…