Search

[English version] (Θεοδέκτης). In Athen wirkender, nur in Fr. erh. Rhetor und Tragiker des 4. Jh. v. Chr., geb. in Phaselis (Lykien), Sohn eines Aristandros. Einzig die Suda (s. v. Th.) überl. einen gleichnamigen Sohn des Th., der ebenfalls lit. tätig war (historiographische und ethnographische Werke, rhet. Lehrschrift in 7 B., Enkomion auf Alexandros [6]); alle übrigen Quellen differenzieren nicht zw. den beiden Th., so daß in manchen Fällen die Zuordnung schwerfällt. Auf Th., Sohn des Aristandro…

[English version] (Τύραννος). Griech. Rhetor des 4. oder 5. Jh. n. Chr. (jedenfalls vor dem um 500 schreibenden Georgios Monos, der T. benutzt hat); aus zwei seiner Schriften sind Fr. erh., fünf aus Περὶ στάσεων/ Perí stáseōn (‘Fallkategorien, einer systematischen Schrift über die Stasislehre; vgl. status [1]), sieben aus Περὶ διαιρέσεως λόγου/ Perí dihairéseōs lógu, einem Werk, in dem ähnlich wie in der Dihaíresis zētēmátōn des Sopatros [1] Vorschriften und Beispiele für die Ausarbeitung von Reden zu fiktiven, nach Kategorien geordneten Streitfällen gegeb…

[English version] (Τιβέριος). Griech. Rhetor wohl des späten 3. oder 4. Jh. n. Chr., Verf. einer kleinen erh. Schrift zur Figurenlehre (Περὶ τῶν παρὰ Δημοσθένει σχημάτων, ‘Die Redefiguren bei Demosthenes), in der als Hauptquelle Apsines benutzt wird; dessen Lebenszeit (1. H. 3. Jh. n. Chr.) ist somit der einzige Anhaltspunkt für die zeitliche Einordnung des T. Die Schrift behandelt getrennt die Gedankenfiguren (1-22) und die Wortfiguren (23-42; Figuren). Sie zählt diese zu Beginn der beiden Hauptt…

[German version] (Μενεκλείδας/ Menekleídas). Theban orator and politician of the 4th century BC. The main source (Plut. Pelopidas 25, 290f-291d) does describe him as a man powerful in speech, but also as a man of intrigue, who forced Epameinondas out of the boeotarchy, and who tried to disparage Pelopidas by playing off Charon against him. In a paranomy lawsuit (accusation of proposing an illegal resolution), a large fine was imposed on Menecleidas, but this did not prevent him from further agitati…

[German version] (Μικίνης; Mikínēs). An Athenian, whose name is known only because he was murdered in the streets of Athens one night between 403 and 380 BC. Lysias wrote a speech for the ensuing trial, which subsequently became famous (Fragment 90 Thalheim, hypothesis of Antiphon 2a). Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald)

[German version] (Ὑβρέας; Hybréas). Greek orator and politician of the 1st cent. BC from Mylasa in Caria. He came from a simple background (Str. 14,2,24 = 659) but was fortunate enough to be taught by the rhetor Diotrephes in Antioch. After returning to his hometown, he acquired influence and wealth, becoming the most powerful man in Mylasa following the death of his rival Euthydemus. He occupied the office of   agoranomos among others (ibid.). In the disputes following the murder of Caesar, H. was on the side of the Triumviri, but, in 41, rejec…

(Ἰσαῖος; Isaîos). [German version] [1] Attic orator, 4th cent. BC Attic logographer from about the 1st half of the 4th cent. BC, son of Diagoras. Scant information about his life is offered in vitae in the MSS, Ps.-Plutarch (Mor. 839e-f), Harpocration, Suda and Photius (490a), all of which however depend on Dion. Hal. De Isaeo and Caecilius. The precise dates of his life are unknown; among the datable surviving speeches the earliest can be dated to about 389 and the latest to perhaps 344/3. Athens and Chalcis in Euboea are named as his birthplace.…

[German version] (Ἀφθόνιος; Aphthónios). Rhetorician of the 4th and the 5th cent. AD, from Antiochia, student of  Libanius and friend of  Eutropius. Of his writings, the practice speeches mentioned in Phot. library 133 are lost; still extant are 40 fables, some of which he had adopted from  Babrius, others he had newly created. Also still extant are the so-called   progymnasmata , which contain 14 definitions of basic rhetorical concepts used as introductory material for the discipline of rhetoric (e.g. fable μῦθος, narration διήγημα, p…

[German version] A. Life From his own speeches and other sources (Lib., Eun. Vit. Soph. 14 (494), Suda) the following emerges: Greek rhetor from Prusias in Bithynia, c. AD 320 until after 383, son of the rhetor Aminias. After studying in Athens until the beginning of the 340s, H. first worked as a teacher of rhetoric in Constantinople (343-352). One of several journeys undertaken at this time took him to Nicomedia (around 350), where he lost to  Libanius in an oratory competition (Lib. Ep. 742,1F = 654W; Libanius' speech …

[German version] (Γενέθλιος; Genéthlios). Greek rhetor from Petra, a pupil of Minocianus and Agapetus, 2nd half of the 3rd cent. AD. He taught in Athens in rivalry to Callinicus, and died there aged 28. He wrote epideictic orations and was praised for his talent and his astounding memory (Suda s.v.). The fact that he is mentioned four times in the Schol. Demosth. (18,8; 52; 19,148; 22,3) supports the assumption that G. had written a commentary on that rhetor. Two treatises on the classification of …

[German version] (Κοκόνδριος; Kokóndrios). Greek rhetor of undetermined date (probably Byzantine); a slim treatise on tropes ( trópoi) is extant. These are at the beginning systematically divided into three groups ( génē), namely trópoi referring to an individual word (e.g. onomatopoeia), to the whole sentence (e.g. allegory), or to both (e.g. hyperbaton). In elaboration C. does not adhere strictly to this system but deals with other types as well. For example, poets are quoted exclusively: Homer, as well as Alcaeus, the tragedians, and Theoc.  Style, figures of style;  trope Weißen…

[German version] Designation for the author of a rhetorical treatise from the 5th cent., publicized in 1840 by Séguier de St.-Brisson. For a time, the treatise had been falsely attributed to L. Annaeus Cornutus. This work is the epitome of a school book from the 2nd cent. AD (definitely prior to Hermogenes), which is predominantly based upon  Alexander [II 25],  Neocles and ( Valerius) Harpocration. The subject matter is the 4  partes orationis and also the 4   officia oratoris . It is an important source for the controversy between Theodoreans ( Theodor…

[German version] (Ἀλκίφρων; Alkíphrōn). Atticist author, probably from the 2nd or the early 3rd cent. AD [5], mentioned only by Aristaen. 1,5. 25 and Eust. 762,62. Preserved under A.'s name is a collection of 122 fictitious letters (only partial fragments), organized into letters by: 1. fishermen, 2. peasants, 3. parasites, 4. love letters. All letters are set in a timeless and idealized 4th-cent. Attica, perhaps modelled after the New Comedy [10], possibly but not clearly an imitation of Lucian [8…

[German version] (Ἀρισταίνετος; Aristaínetos). Accepted name for the author of a collection of love letters in two books, probably from the 1st quarter of the 6th cent. AD. In reality, A. is the sender of the first extant letter, but in the beginning of the MS at least one folio is missing and so is the name of the real author. A.'s models are mainly Plato, Menander, Lucian, Alciphron, Philostratus, and the authors of the novels and love elegies by  Callimachus (Aristain. 1,10. 15), whose content c…

[German version] Attic orator of the 4th cent. BC, known only because of a mention in Aristot. Rh. 1411b 6f.: a speech of L. for the defence of the strategos Chabrias is cited in which a statue erected in honour of the latter is metaphorically called hiketēría (olive branch wound around with wool as a symbol of one beseeching protection). (On the shape of this statue and the reasons for its erection, cf. Nep. Chabrias 1-3 and Diod. Sic. 15,33,4). The trial (it concerned treason in connection with battles for the Attic-Boeotian border fortre…

[German version] Greek rhetoric textbook, amounting to some 100 pages of modern print, recorded in the MSS (none earlier than the 14th cent.) as a work of Aristotle (Aristoteles [6]), but not appearing in the ancient title lists of the Corpus Aristotelicum (e.g. in Diog. Laert. 5,22-27). The earliest surviving attribution to Aristotle is by Syrianus (In Hermog. comm. 2, p. 11,17-21 Rabe). According to Quint. Inst. 3,4,9, Anaximenes [2] of Lampsacus (2nd half 4th cent. BC) distinguished types of speech (εἴδη/ eídē) in his rhetorical textbook ( téchnē); the same distinction occurs at…

[German version] (Μενέσαιχμος; Menésaichmos). Attic rhetorician of the 4th cent. BC. Lycurgus [9] (Ps.-Plut. Mor. 843d) succesfully charged him with neglecting his obligations as leader of the festival legation to Delos (Fr. in [1. 115-118]). M. succeeded Lycurgus as leader of the financial administration of Athens (Dion. Hal. de Dinarcho 11) and accused him shortly before his death (ibid. 842f) and afterwards his sons, who were temporarily arrested (ibid. 842e). M. was one of the accusers of Demos…

[German version] (Θεοδέκτης/ Theodéktēs). Rhetor and tragedian of the 4th cent. BC, active in Athens, extant only in fragments, b. in Phaselis (Lycia), son of an Aristander. Only the Suda (s. v. Θ.) mentions a like-named son of T., who was also active in literature (historiographic and ethnographic works, text for rhetorical instruction in 7 books, encomium of Alexander [6]); no other source differentiates between the two T., so that in some cases it is difficult to assign a work. This information …

[German version] (Ποτάμων/ Potámōn). Rhetor from Mytilene in Lesbos, son of the philosopher Lesbonax, known from the Suda (s. v. Π., Lesbonax and Theodorus of Gadara), mentioned in Seneca (Suas. 2,15 f.), Strabo (13,2,3), Lucian (Macr. 23) and several inscriptions  (cf. [1]). His life-span (90 years according to Lucian l. c.) reached probably from the 70s BC into the early reign of Tiberius. Three times he led a legation from his home city, twice to Caesar (in 47 and 45 BC), once to Augustus (in 27…

[German version] (Κράτων). Greek rhetor, roughly a contemporary of the older Seneca, known as a bitter enemy of the dominant style of  Atticism during his time. Seneca the Older recorded a few utterances that attest to C.'s honest humour in the face of Emperor Augustus (contr. 10,5,21f.). Considering this fact, as well as his openly stated animosity towards the imperial confidant Timagenes, C. must have belonged to Augustus' inner circle. Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald)