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[English Version] Navajo, religionsgeschichtlich. Die Rel. der N.-  Indianer (: II., 4., a) basiert auf etwa zwanzig sich teilweise gegenseitig überschneidenden, aber dennoch eigenständigen zeremoniellen Bräuchen, von denen nur wenige im Detail überliefert sind. Diese Bräuche lassen sich innerhalb der Mythologie über schamanische Visionen zu ihren jeweiligen schamanischen Begründern zurückverfolgen (Schamanismus). Hist. lassen sie sich in einigen Fällen bis zu einem Zeitpunkt zurückverfolgen, an de…

[German Version] Since Olmec culture and religion can be reconstructed only from archaeological data, it is difficult to provide detailed information about their content. Nevertheless, the Olmecs are recognized as forming the earliest layer of ancient Central American civilization, and as such they represent an indispensible element for any understanding of American religious history. Olmec culture took hold from around 1500 to 1200 bce in the tropical forests on the southern coast of the Gulf of Mexico. The most important settlement centers of Olmec cultur…

[German Version] The religion of the Navajo (Native American Indians: II, 4.a) is based on some 20 partly overlapping but self-standing ceremonial practices, about which little is recorded. These customs, within the mythology of shamanistic visions, can be traced back to their respective shamanist founders (Shamanism). In some cases they may be historically traced to a time when several formerly shamanistic customs were integrated into healing ceremonies of later priestly hataalii (“singers”). The arrival from the north of the first Navajo Apache in the southwest …