, the Persian Gulf, in which Masʿūdī includes the Gulf of ʿUmān; Iṣṭak̲h̲rī and Ibn Ḥawḳal apply the name to the whole Indian Ocean (Baḥr al-Hind). The Ḥudūd al-ʿĀlam distinguishes the Ḵh̲alīd̲j̲-i ʿIrāḳ, the Persian Gulf, from the Ḵh̲alīd̲j̲-i Pārs, the Gulf of ʿUmān and the Arabian Sea. Masʿūdī gives its width at the narrowest place as 150 mīl the Strait of Hormuz is actually some 29 miles across. In the Muslim geographers the modern al-Aḥsāʾ was called Baḥrayn, the name Uwāl being given to onf of the islands now called Baḥrayn,…