b. Wardūs , Abu ’l-Ḳāsim , Andalusi scholar and poet, belonging to the entourage of the Hispano-Umayyad amīrs al-Ḥakam I, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān II and Muḥammad I, in the 3rd/9th century. No biographical data about him are available, and we only know that he was an Umayyad mawlā of Berber origin, that he came from the kūra of Tākurunnā, i.e. the district of Ronda, and that he died in 274/887. His strong personality is now fully manifest, thanks to the newly found volume of Ibn Ḥayyān’s al-Muḳtabis concerning the Andalusi amirate, where a long passage is devoted to …