, the Ottoman Turkish name for ¶ Macedonia, a region which occupies the centre of the Balkan Peninsula. Despite its historically mixed population of Slavs, Ottoman Turks, Greeks, Albanians, Vlachs, Sephardic Jews and others, Macedonia forms a geographical unit. Its boundaries are sometimes disputed, but may be said to follow the line of peaks which stretches from the Šar Planina in the north to the Rhodope range and the river Mesta in the east, and to the Albanian mountains and t…

, the Turkish name of a harbour on the Aegean island of Limnī [ q.v.] or Lemnos; it is alternatively known by its Greek name of mudros or Moudros. Mondros’s claim to fame is that it was the site of the armistice of 30 October 1918 which ended the Ottoman Empire’s participation in the First World War. The decision of the Unionist cabinet of Meḥmed Ṭalʿat Pas̲h̲a [see ittiḥād we teraḳḳī d̲j̲emʿiyyeti ] to seek an armistice was prompted by the rapidly deteriorating military position of the Ottoman Empire and its German and Austro-Hungarian allies.…